tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60633672331536592112024-03-08T07:48:30.642-08:00Drawing and writing paperProposal Topics For A Papermargaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-42408134293577356452020-08-24T02:52:00.001-07:002020-08-24T02:52:02.893-07:00Corporate finance 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 wordsCorporate account 2 - Essay Example Last however not the least the third gathering commends enormous profits as positive sign to investors that everything is great. So where does the advanced investor fulfillment remain according to profit approaches? Another question which identifies with this conversation is the way flagging models endeavor to clarify the extent of value held by a business visionary, the kind of financing utilized for a venture and the measure of value gave or repurchased. The issue at that point relates to data asymmetry (accessibility of information).Firstly in the event that we take a gander at Dividend arrangement it was very much put by Black 1976 (refered to by Frankfurter 2002), ââ¬Å"That the about widespread strategy of delivering generous profits is the essential riddle in the financial aspects of corporate finance.â⬠Thus the recommendation drives us to the question whether investors ought to be delivered adequate profits whether they are making sizeable benefits on the securities exchange. In the course of the last 50 years scholastics have spoken in incredible profundity over this issue and recommended clashing hypothetical structures to clarify their place of view.(Frankfurter 2002).The issue is that these affirmations frequently need exact profundity to the analysis and discover self inconsistencies trying to clarify corporate profit behaviour.(Frankfurter 2002).Today scholarly supposition is partitioned concerning whether profits are alluring to investors and will have a positive effect in stock prices.(Frankfurter 2002 )Another way of thinking battles that costs are contrarily corresponded with profit payout levels.(Frankfurter 2002).The third view is that firm profit strategy is superfluous in stock value valuation. (Hotdog 2002).My paper will examine and attempt to accommodate every one of these perspectives towards a superior hypothesis and comprehension of this issue.These sees are best summarized as being based upon,the charge impact ( Litzenberger and Ramaswamy margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-17711780440714971352020-08-22T00:22:00.001-07:002020-08-22T00:22:19.680-07:00Conflict Management Plan1. Recognize the accessible refereeing methodologies and their qualities and weaknesses.Strategy Strengths Weaknesses CollaborationMakes the group more grounded while building spirit. Capacity to issue understand. Partaking in obligation Not sharing same thoughts Causes most well known vote Can be opportunity devouring while at the same time approaching to an understanding CompetitionForces group to consider new ideas for better outcomes Cause colleagues to differ and never arrive at an answer AvoidanceRefocuses group to genuine issue Takes individual sentiments out of the issue Problem despite everything exist Team relationship becomes taintedAccommodationAllows the group to go to a goals by giving and takingRequires some colleagues thoughts to be returned on the burnerCompromiseAllows group to go to an answer in a convenient mannerMay impact group contrarily on the off chance that one part feels they bargain more than others2. Which of the accessible peace promotion procedures is g enerally fitting for the present circumstance with Clyde and Dan? Give your method of reasoning, including what factors you considered in making your choice. Your reaction ought to be in any event 100 words.The most fitting peace making procedure for the present circumstance is joint effort. I feel if the two men are united to talk about their issues in a non-antagonistic condition then the genuine issue will introduce itself. This will permit both colleagues to voice their conclusions and a goals can be offered up.Once the issue is in the open they can concentrate on the most proficient method to determine it. I made this choice since it seems like perhaps it could be a character strife with a great deal of he said she said. The best way to determine it is to recognize what the genuine issue is. The best way to realize that is to unite the men to discuss it.3. In the event that the chose system isn't fruitful, what is your substitute procedure? Give your basis to this determination . Your reaction ought to be at any rate 100 words.If the principal system isn't effective then the following alternative is evasion. This will constrain the colleagues to put their own inclination toward one another aside with the goal that they can concentrate on the task. Colleagues won't generally get along. How they feel about one another can be an issue, however as long as they can set those emotions aside for the improvement of the group then they can concentrate on the shared objective. As long each of the of taking an interest and sharing the remaining task at hand the group can be successful.4. What potential detours may be experienced in settling the contention? How might you address these? Your reaction ought to be at any rate 100 words.Some potential barriers is the colleagues are never going to budge on not cooperating. At the point when each choice for settling the issue has been depleted then there might be a requirement for various measures. The thought is to keep th e group together and concentrated on the venture. On the off chance that the activities of these two menâ lower the assurance of the group and make it difficult to cooperate then it is my suggestion both colleagues be supplanted. The center is the group and the undertaking. margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-47857521146021896142020-07-16T16:47:00.001-07:002020-07-16T16:47:02.964-07:005 Ways to Keep Friends After College 5 Ways to Keep Friends After College How to Keep Friends After College, Even if Theres Distance Between You How to Keep Friends After College, Even if Theres Distance Between You Youâve made some amazing friendships so far, but sadly, the toughest part is to keep friendships alive after college. Many people come to college from around the country, and even from other parts of the world. Once your time is over, the reality will set in that you are all going to go back home, or to new cities where new jobs await you. However, thereâs no need to feel sad because there are plenty of ways to stay in touch and stay just as close with your friends as you are now. 1. Schedule Regular Skype Hangouts Everyone says that theyâll keep in touch, but sometimes we get busy with new life changes and forget to make time for our friends because we know theyâll always be there. However, you should treat your friendships like a regular appointment, and work hard to make the time to talk regularly on Skype or another video chat system. This will keep you in touch with each othersâ lives and make you feel as if there isnât any distance between you at all. 2. Send Random Photos to One Another Sending random photos to one another will help you share your daily moments as if you are actually together. Even if itâs just that amazing brunch youâre eating or a picture of your cat doing something cute, the shared moments will help you bridge the distance and feel closer to one another. 3. Send Each Other Care Packages One of the biggest ways to keep friends after college is to look back on those things that remind you of that other person. Send each other a regular âcare packageâ filled with some of the things youâre enjoying right now. Include that amazing book you just finished, your new favourite snack, or even some clothes you donât want anymore. This will help you remind each other of the reasons you became friends in the first place. 4. Write Handwritten Letters Ditch the technology for a little while and write handwritten letters to one another. It might seem unnecessary when you could just send an email, but handwritten letters are extremely personal and intimate and feel more genuine. You can include photographs or postcards in your letter as well to add that extra touch. 5. Make That Road Trip If your friend lives an unrealistic distance away, plan a trip where you both meet in the middle and explore a new city together. Each trip you could meet up in a completely new place. Even if you only do this once a year, or once every other year, youâll look forward to this regular vacation and it will become a special bonding experience for both of you. Clear up More Time For Your Friends Keeping friends after college is a lot easier when you are able to make the most of your time with them during the fact. Let our team of experienced academic writers take care of your assignments for you so you can spend more time nurturing your social circle. We provide services in a variety of subjects, industries, and departments, so there are always options available to help you. Get a free quote now for your next assignment! References: Kruschewsky, G. (2014). 19 simple ways to maintain a long-distance relationship with your best friend. The Huffington Post. Retrieved from best-friend-long-distance_n_5052185. 5 Ways to Keep Friends After College How to Keep Friends After College, Even if Theres Distance Between You How to Keep Friends After College, Even if Theres Distance Between You Youâve made some amazing friendships so far, but sadly, the toughest part is to keep friendships alive after college. Many people come to college from around the country, and even from other parts of the world. Once your time is over, the reality will set in that you are all going to go back home, or to new cities where new jobs await you. However, thereâs no need to feel sad because there are plenty of ways to stay in touch and stay just as close with your friends as you are now. 1. Schedule Regular Skype Hangouts Everyone says that theyâll keep in touch, but sometimes we get busy with new life changes and forget to make time for our friends because we know theyâll always be there. However, you should treat your friendships like a regular appointment, and work hard to make the time to talk regularly on Skype or another video chat system. This will keep you in touch with each othersâ lives and make you feel as if there isnât any distance between you at all. 2. Send Random Photos to One Another Sending random photos to one another will help you share your daily moments as if you are actually together. Even if itâs just that amazing brunch youâre eating or a picture of your cat doing something cute, the shared moments will help you bridge the distance and feel closer to one another. 3. Send Each Other Care Packages One of the biggest ways to keep friends after college is to look back on those things that remind you of that other person. Send each other a regular âcare packageâ filled with some of the things youâre enjoying right now. Include that amazing book you just finished, your new favourite snack, or even some clothes you donât want anymore. This will help you remind each other of the reasons you became friends in the first place. 4. Write Handwritten Letters Ditch the technology for a little while and write handwritten letters to one another. It might seem unnecessary when you could just send an email, but handwritten letters are extremely personal and intimate and feel more genuine. You can include photographs or postcards in your letter as well to add that extra touch. 5. Make That Road Trip If your friend lives an unrealistic distance away, plan a trip where you both meet in the middle and explore a new city together. Each trip you could meet up in a completely new place. Even if you only do this once a year, or once every other year, youâll look forward to this regular vacation and it will become a special bonding experience for both of you. Clear up More Time For Your Friends Keeping friends after college is a lot easier when you are able to make the most of your time with them during the fact. Let our team of experienced academic writers take care of your assignments for you so you can spend more time nurturing your social circle. We provide services in a variety of subjects, industries, and departments, so there are always options available to help you. Get a free quote now for your next assignment! References: Kruschewsky, G. (2014). 19 simple ways to maintain a long-distance relationship with your best friend. The Huffington Post. Retrieved from best-friend-long-distance_n_5052185. margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-72517973860495210012020-05-21T15:07:00.001-07:002020-05-21T15:07:05.410-07:00The Role of Competitions in Our Life EssayOnly Strongest Can Survive Competition is an indispensable part of life on our planet, where only the strongest can survive. This is the law which outlined the whole idea of Darwins evolution theory and the main principle of business practices. Competition is the basis for any sport, job interviews and college admission procedures. But is it good or bad? On the one hand, competition is definitely the development impulse. It determines the life of any human being, as even the fetation is the result of the strongest sperm cell reaching the ovum. It is the main driving force in business and economics, which makes enterprises work hard, struggling for better profits. It is the stimulus for many students to study and get more chances to win a university scholarship and sportsmen to train hard, as it is the competition which makes the sporting events so enjoyable both for the participants and the viewers. However, the influence of the competition is not always positive. First if all, in order to compete, a person must always have a rival, which means that it is impossible to identify your own value being alone. It is certainly not true, because any individual has a unique personality and thus unique value. Secondly, competition sometimes destroys the real enjoyment of the activity and makes it less creative: if you are only concentrated on the idea of being the first, you can hardly enjoy the process of doing something, as you are too worried about the result. In my opinion, competition is ambiguous, yet inevitable principle of our life. It is useful in many aspects. However, when it becomes the only moral rule of life, the society can face numerous problems, starting with the depreciating of the human soul and finishing with the low cultural level. margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-38086830337795424502020-05-06T23:28:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:28:17.027-07:00Essay on Technology in Greg Bears Blood Music - 1491 Words Technology in Greg Bears Blood Music Different genres of literature are particular responses to society; therefore, cyberpunk, as a genre, is a response to our contemporary society, known as the information age. One of the attributes given the genre is that it has an apocalyptic or post-apocalyptic tone, warning the reader of the perils of technology, while at the same time celebrating the possibilities of technology, usually through a strong character in the novel. In Greg Bears Blood Music, technology is seen as having a destructive and creative forces as it reshapes the world biologically, and incorporates every living thing, including a slow girl named Suzy, into the system. Blood Music demonstrates the perils andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Although the idea of having a world without sickness, age, and death seems appealing, Greg Bear approaches the idea from the what if perspective of something going wrong that could be detrimental to the whole of society. In Bears novel, Vergil, an ingenious scientis t, creates smart cells from his own body, going behind the experiments of his company which is trying desperately to develop the nanotechnology that we are trying to achieve in our own time, and creates natural cells that can think on their own to manipulate their environment and make it better. Only, when the cells realize the problems within the living system and begin to change things, it is more that Virgil bargained for. Each cell from every other living thing is incorporated and melted into an alternate society, making each cell sentient, but also part of a communal group, sharing DNA, and ultimately throughout the information transference, making each individual a part of the genetic whole. Because Virgils creation ended the world as we know it through the use of technology, it can be seen as the dark, forbidding text common to cyberpunk fiction. People are melting down into sheets of skin and cities are stopping like broken down cities, only to be enveloped by the floating masses of paper thin cells that think for themselves, and yet share information and thoughts indiscriminately. Each person is loosing a sense of themselves, breaking down into margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-9652237370735225412020-05-06T08:05:00.001-07:002020-05-06T08:05:46.858-07:00Democratization of Uruguay Free Essays string(89) " damaging to democracy was the curtailment of human right trails for military officials\." Giancarlo Orichio Dr. A. Arraras CPO 3055 20 November 2008 Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Uruguay A study of democratization presumes that the meaning of democratization is self-evident: defined simply as a transition of a political system from non-democracy towards accountable and representative government practices. We will write a custom essay sample on Democratization of Uruguay or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Grugel 3) A concept that is valid in Uruguayan politics however, has an element of potential risk that will be the topic of further analysis. Assessment of the latter will enable us to determine why Uruguay is the only one of the four former ââ¬Å"bureaucratic-authoritarianâ⬠regimes in South America that includes Chile, Brazil, and Argentina to attain this debatably political status quo. Guillermo Oââ¬â¢Donnell described this type of regime as an institution that uses coercive measures to respond to what they view as threats to capitalism, whereas, the only means of opposing this repressive government is by an ââ¬Å"unconditional commitment to democracy. (Oââ¬â¢Donnell xiii) The hierarchically lead bureaucratic-authoritarian regime as a political actor poses a possible advantage to democratization insofar that the military-as-institution may consider that their interests are best served by extrication from the military-as-government. However, seizing power to a new governing body without imposing strong constraints is improbable and has occurred predictably in Uruguayan democratic transition. Understanding th e obstacle faced by the newly fragile democratic government in managing the military and eliminating its reserved domains brings us to the task at hand. First, I will analyze the political history in Uruguay that lead up to the no doubt controversial argument that it has attained democratic consolidation. Secondly, I will analyze the factors that either contributed or hindered its journey to representative democracy; ultimately, arriving to the conclusion that Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan describe as a ââ¬Å"risk-proneâ⬠consolidated democracy. On 25 August 1825, Juan Antonio Lavalleja, at the head of a group of patriots called the ââ¬Å"treinta y tres orientales,â⬠issued a declaration of independence. After a three-year fight, a peace treaty signed on 28 August 1828 guaranteed Uruguayââ¬â¢s independence. During this period of political turmoil and civil war, the two political parties around which Uruguayan history has traditionally revolved, the Colorados and the Blancos, were founded. ââ¬Å"Even by West Europen standards, [Uruguay] had a tradition of high party identification and a clear sense of a left-right index. â⬠(Linz 152) Uruguayââ¬â¢s first president, Gen. Jose Fructuoso Rivera, an ally of Artigas, founded the Colorados. The second president, Brig. Gen. Manuel Oribe, a friend of Lavalleja, founded the Blancos. The 19th century was largely a struggle between the two factions. However, it was not until the election of Jose Batlle y Ordonez as president in 1903 that Uruguay matured as a nation. The Batlle administrations (1903ââ¬â7, 1911ââ¬â15) marked the period of greatest economic performance. A distinguished statesman, Batlle initiated the social welfare system codified in the Uruguayan constitution. From then on, Uruguayââ¬â¢s social programs, funded primarily by earnings of beef and wool in foreign markets, gave Uruguay the revered soubriquet ââ¬Å"Switzerland of South America. â⬠After World War II, the Colorados ruled, except for an eight-year period from 1958ââ¬â66. It was during the administration of President Jorge Pacheco Areco (1967ââ¬â72) that Uruguay entered a political and social crisis. As wool declined in world markets, export earnings no longer kept pace with the need for greater social expenditures. Political instability resulted, most dramatically in the emergence of Uruguayââ¬â¢s National Liberation Movement, popularly known as the Tupamaros. This well-organized urban guerrilla movement adopted Marxist and nationalist ideals while on the other hand, most nationally important actors were disloyal or at best semi-loyal to the already established democratic regime. Their revolutionary activities, coupled with the worsening economic situation, exacerbated Uruguayââ¬â¢s political uncertainty. Gradually, the military-as institution assumed a greater role in government and by 1973 was in complete control of the political system. By the end of 1973, the Tupamaros had been successfully controlled and suppressed by the military-as-institution. In terms of systematic repression, as Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan stated, ââ¬Å"Uruguay was the most deeply repressive of the four South American bureaucratic-authoritarian regimes. (Linz 152) Amnesty international denounced Uruguay for human rights violations; in 1979, they estimated the number of political prisoners jailed at a ratio of 1 per 600, Chile and Argentina were respectively 1 in 2,000 and 1 in 1,200. (Linz 152) By 1977 the military announced that they would devise a new constitution with the intentions to ââ¬Å"strengthen democracy. â⬠The new constitution would be submitted to a plebis cite in 1980, and if ratified elections with a single presidential candidate nominated by both the Colorados and the Blancos and approved by the military would be held the following year. The post-authoritarian transition to democracy began in Uruguay when the democratic opposition won the plebiscite. By the 1980ââ¬â¢s the military did not have an offensive plan to lift Uruguay from its uninterrupted bad economic performance, the Tupamaros had in fact been defeated by 1973, so a defense project against urban guerrilla was unnecessary. The military had no civil or political support, and with there loss in the plebiscite, whose results they said they would respect, tarnished the militaryââ¬â¢s political leverage significantly. Thus, the democratic opposition in the form of the two major catch all political parties that have governed de jure since the 19 century presented a non threatening alternative despite their disloyal behavior before the authoritarian coup dââ¬â¢etat . As previously touched on, the opportunities presented by a hierarchical military favoring democratic transition is the possibility that the leading officers of the military-as-institution will come to the conclusion that the cost of non democratic rule is greater than the cost of extrication. With the main interest resting in a stable state that will in turn allow the military to become a functioning sector of the state apparatus. However, this does not preclude the possibility of non democratic prerogatives in the transfer. The party-military negotiation called the Naval Club Pact disqualified Wilson Ferreira of the Blanco party to be nominated as president, pushed for guarantees concerning their own autonomy, and the most damaging to democracy was the curtailment of human right trails for military officials. You read "Democratization of Uruguay" in category "Papers" Elections were held in 1985 were Julio Maria Sanguinetti from the Colorado party became the first democratically elected candidate in the 1977 constitution. Because of strong public discontent with Military Amnesty granted during the transition, the curtailment was sent to a referendum in 1989, were it approved the amnesty and gained democratic legitimacy by 57%. It has to be stated that the majority of Uruguayan opposed the amnesty, however the fragile democratic government confronted a troubling decision. They could have breached the Naval Club Pact and tried military officer for heir human right offenses and risked military refusal and therefore a crisis in their own authority. Or they could have hastily granted them amnesty at the cost of lowered prestige in the new democracy. It is safe to assume that the electorate voted to let the amnesty law stand not because it was just but more so to avoid a crisis. By 1992 the left-wing Frente Amplio was integrated into Uruguayan politics without any other major party leaders deeming them unacceptable arriving to the quarrelsome argument that Uruguay became a consolidated democracy. Uruguayââ¬â¢s economic development can be divided into two starkly contrasting periods. During the first period, when it earned its valued sobriquet ââ¬Å"Switzerland of South America,â⬠from the late 1800s until the 1950s, Uruguay achieved remarkable growth and a high standard of living. Expanding livestock exports; principally beef and wool accounted for its economic development. The advanced social welfare programs, which redistributed wealth from the livestock sector to the rest of the economy, raised the standard of living for the majority of the population and contributed to the development of new industries. When export earnings faltered in the 1950s, however, the fabric of Uruguayââ¬â¢s economy had begun to unravel. The country entered a decades-long period of economic stagnation. It was during the administration of President Jorge Pacheco Areco (1967ââ¬â72) that Uruguay entered a political and social crisis. As wool and beef demands declined in world markets, export earnings no longer kept pace with the need for greater social expenditures causing bad economic performance that lead to the bureaucratic-authoritarian take over of government. Although the old democratic regime was not able to lift economic prosperity neither was the military-as-government. Bad economic performance still plagued the nation throughout authoritarian rule. By 1980 the military had no agenda in combating the bad economic performance that helped unveil the inadequacies of the non democratic regime. In fact, economic performance has been in a decline since 1950ââ¬â¢s until today. Although the legitimacy that the democratic system posses in Uruguay is strong, the capacity, or as Stepan and Linz say, the ââ¬Å"efficacyâ⬠of the democratic system in resolving the stagnant economy is low. Thus, making Uruguayââ¬â¢s democracy risk-prone due to an unsolved economic performance. Since the economy has been the number one issue affecting Uruguayans since the end of their golden era in the early 19 century. A public opinion poll was asked to upper class respondents weather a political alternative from the authoritarian regime at the time would speed rather than slow economic recuperation. By a margin of 2 to 1 they believed it would, more surprisingly was a 7 to 1 response to the question if a new democratic regime would bring more tranquility and public order. In 1985, of the nine institutions evaluated in terms of trust, political parties ranked highest with a net score of 57 and the armed forces with a net score of negative 73. Only 5% viewed the military sympathetically while 78% viewed the military with antipathy. (Linz 153) In my studies concerning democratization never did democracy start with such rejection of the political role of the military from all class coalitions alike. During the first half on the 19th century the norm was a two party system similar to that of the United States in that there was ââ¬Å"low fragmentation and low polarization. â⬠(Linz 163) However, contrary to the American vetting process the Uruguayan had a peculiar electoral system known as the double simultaneous vote that allows all parties to run multiple candidate for the presidency. This did not present a problem until after the 1960ââ¬â¢s when presidents routinely were elected with less than 25% of the vote because of the amount of candidates running. This creates party fragmentation that can hinder democracy. The fact that the old regime political structure remains untouched means that the opportunity for constitutional change was missed and this presents a potential democratic upheaval. Behaviorally, by 1968-73 political elites were at best semi-loyal to the democratic system that soon caused the authoritarian regime to take over government, and one thing that can be done from previous failures in democratic attempts is to learn from their missteps. Stepan and Linz clearly state that for the consolidation of democracy loyalty to the system as well as the perception that all other parties are loyal to the democratic process plays a crucial role. (Linz 156) By 1985 not one of the twelve major factions of the three leading parties perceived the other parties to be acting disloyal. As well as the mere fact that the once unacceptable left-wing party, Frente Amplio, held the mayoral position of Montevideo by 1989 and then the presidency by 2004 demonstrates the positive elite choices that contributed to democracy. Since Uruguayââ¬â¢s troublesome and long fought battle for independence in August 25, 1828 Uruguay did not encounter any ââ¬Å"intermesticâ⬠stateness problems. As far as Washington relations to Latin America and in particular Uruguay, the United States continues to pursue hegemony over the region. The neo-liberal reforms in place in the region are bound by the restraints of the global market and for a country like Uruguay it is very difficult to compete with such superpowers. These reforms have often left the lower classes impoverish and desperate while the upper classes and Washington feed their gluttonous appetites. The civilian government in Uruguay has found it increasingly difficult to enforce these foreign economic influences that can potentially result in authoritarian means of accomplishment. As a member of MERCOSUR, Mercado Comun del Sur, Uruguay faced foreign political influences to liberalize its economy during the 1990s, as economic giants, and MERCOSUR partners Brazil and Argentina had done. This can be potentially devastating to democracy except that Uruguay in the 1980ââ¬â¢s had a gross national product (GNP) per capita income of 2,820, higher than any of its MERCOSUR counterparts. However, we must remember that Uruguay has been experiencing a downward economic performance since the mid 1900ââ¬â¢s and is a potential risk that needs to be addressed to preserve democracy. United States foreign policy in Uruguay and in the rest of Latin America has encouraged for the liberalization of markets. The side effect of neo-liberal reform is the zero-sum element that produces excessive amounts of losers. Essentially the contrary to what it is intended to produce. These superpower polices implemented creates few winners most of which are ââ¬Å"elites with government connection [that] have been the primary beneficiaries of the sweeping economic transformation. â⬠(Kingstone 196) This transcends business when the only means of preserving this market economy is through potential authoritarian means. The contentious claim that Uruguay is a consolidated democracy since 1992 is threefold, first, because of the reluctance to fix the already proven failed double simultaneous vote electoral system. Secondly, because of civil-military relations concerning human rights violation during authoritarian rule, although was legitimized by democratic referendum, but more importantly budgetary cuts that have been implemented as a result of bad economic performance. Finally, and most importantly, Uruguayans accept democracy as the most legitimate political game, but also recognize its incapacity to fix the troubling economy, producing this efficacy-legitimacy gap that can be potentially destructive for democracy. These three factors give Uruguay the title of a risk-prone democracy. Works Cited Kingstone, Peter R. , ed. Readings in Latin American Politics. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006. Linz, Juan, and Alfred Stepan. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. Oââ¬â¢Donnell, Guillermo. Modernization and Bureaucratic-Authoritarianism: Studies in South American Politics. Berkley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1973. How to cite Democratization of Uruguay, Papers margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-6994914125402875382020-04-25T10:32:00.001-07:002020-04-25T10:32:03.036-07:00Jelousy Essay ExampleJelousy Essay There are evil people in this world; greedy, manipulative, overbearing and jealous.Iago, in William Shakespeares Othello, is an evil, malignant character.He uses peoples goodness, integrity, and ignorance to get what he wants.When Othellos position is higher through character and status, Iago becomes jealous and decides that Othello must be eliminated. Iago is aware of the jealousy inside himself.Othello is a good man at heart, but is not aware of his evil and jealousy, and therefore will not be able to control it.Iago takes advantage of this and uses Othellos trust to manipulate Othello into revealing his true character. Iago, like any great manipulator, moves indirectly so he is never suspected.He uses Roderigo to get to Cassio, Desdemona, and Othello.Once the peace is disrupted, Iago moves directly to Othello. Everyone trusts Iago and believes that he is trying to do the best for them.Iago uses Roderigo to get Cassio in trouble with Othello.Since Roderigo is in love with Desdemon a, I confess it is my shame to be so found (of Desdemona)(Act 1. Sc 3. Ln 360), Iago tells Roderigo that Cassio is in love with her and she in love with Cassio.Desdemona is directly in love with him.(Act2. Sc1. Ln240) This upsets Roderigo and he is more prone to fight Cassio when told by Iago to do so. Roderigo does not just have Othello to compete with anymore; he has Cassio as well. Iago tells Roderigo that he can win Desdemona from Cassio by fighting and from Othello by following her to Cyprus. So Roderigo listens to and trusts the man, fights Cassio, sells his land and brings Iago to Cyprus.After the fight Cassio is dismissed from his office by Othello. Iago wins. Cassio is in trouble, is no longer Othellos lieutenant and Iago is in Cyprus with Othello.He then moves in on Cassio.Cassio is another step closer for Iagos plan to cause Othellos demise.Iago convinces Cassio to ask Desdemona, Othellos wife, margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-64072058212521151362020-03-18T05:40:00.001-07:002020-03-18T05:40:03.162-07:00Consolidation of Democracy in Post-Soviet Russia EssaysConsolidation of Democracy in Post-Soviet Russia Essays Consolidation of Democracy in Post-Soviet Russia Russian History Consolidation of Democracy in Post-Soviet Russia Introduction The fall of the Communist regime in the Soviet Union was more than a political event. The powerful interaction and fusion between politics and economics that characterized the state socialist system created a situation that was unique for the successor states of the Soviet Union. The penetration of the Communist regime into every facet of life left the Russian people with little democratic traditions. Russia faces the seemingly impracticable task of economic liberalization and democratization. This is combined with a necessity to answer nationalist and ethnic questions that have plagued Russia for centuries. This paper addresses the problems of creating a stable democracy in Russia. The prospects for a stable democracy in Russia are limited at best. I will outline some of the concerns that academics have in the consolidation of Russian democracy. What is paramount to note is that a stable democracy must adequately address what Ken Jowitt calls the developmental trinity: nation-building; capitalism and democracy. The dilemma that is especially relevant to Russia it that these conditions are often contradictory. The often messy business of politically reconstructing a nation defies traditional democratic ideals. The establishment of democratic institutions can hinder the development of a market economy and, conversely, programs that are designed to enhance capitalist expansion often are antagonistic towards democratic goals (Jowitt 7). These seemingly endless Catch-22s are at the heart of difficulties facing Russia in its attempt to create a stable democracy. The Process of Creating A Nation-State The question of who is the playing the game and what makes the playing field is an important one for the Russian Federation. Ethnic and nationalist questions plagued the Soviet Union and continue to stress the Russia Federation during its nascent period. The dynamics of center-periphery relations provides Moscow with some of the greatest challenges in establishing a stable democracy. Phillipe Smitter writes, There is no simply democratic way of deciding what a nation and its corresponding political unit should be (Smitter 66). Later in his article, he writes those that have not yet resolved the dilemma of defining their national and territorial boundaries are unlikely to make much more progress in other domains (Smitter 73). The dilemma facing the Russian Federation is that it finds itself with a charge of establishing and following democratic institutions, while at the same time facing secessionary pressures that seem to require extra-democratic means to preserve the integrity of the nation. Nationalism in multiethnic areas in the Russian Federation has provided a substantial challenge for democratization. There is a direct relationship between democratization and ethnic peace (Smitter 72). In a democratically weak society, ethnicity assumes a stronger role, and when democracy and ethnicity are balanced, political stability is possible. As a result of a lack of democratic institutions and channels for dialogue, Russias inhabitants are now increasingly identifying themselves as members of ethnic groups rather than as citizens of the Russian Federation (Drobizheva). An important development in center-periphery relations is the growing importance of economic nationalism, an effort to create an economic basis for political independence. Economic nationalism is a protective defense against the Russian federal governments economic dominance. Alternatively, it is also a sign that the republics wish to retain relations with Moscow since politics remains primarily in the hands of the center (Drobizheva). For example, Tatarstan and Sakha-Yakutia both have a wealth of natural resources, giving them a potential advantage in economic development and a desire to establish control over these resources. Tatarstan, for example, strives to sell its oil at world market prices in foreign markets to generate income, and in 1993-94, the local governments in Tatarstan and Yakutia sought economic decentralization in Russia by refusing to pay federal taxes. Consequently, an agreement reached between the federal government and the republics gave the latter what they wanted: increased economic autonomy (Drobizheva). Further inquiry into the agreements with Tartarsan demonstrates the flexibility the Yeltsin regime is willing to employ in dealing with possible powder-keg situations. A treaty signed on February 15, 1994 attempted to mollify the tensions on both sides. The treaty affirmed Tartarsan right to its own international and economic relations and, as previously noted, provided substantial autonomy in economic issues for Tartarsan. Smoothing over margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-35998419309114238172020-03-01T21:25:00.001-08:002020-03-01T21:25:03.310-08:00Avoiding age discrimination on the jobAvoiding age discrimination on the job The truth is, weââ¬â¢re sometimes judged by things that are beyond our control- this is true in all facets of life, including the world of work. One of the biggest workplace reversals in recent decades is the perception of age. At one time, age was looked at as a valuable commodity among employees- an indication of experience, wisdom, and know-how. While this is still true in some industries and companies, in many others age has become a perceived weakness of sorts- an indication of decreasing relevance, energy, and understanding of how the modern world (including current business needs and consumer demands) works. In years past, companies felt the need to have older, experienced employees in positions of power and decision-making; now, theyââ¬â¢re increasingly allowing fresh young minds and perspectives at their helms to steer them towards success in our rapidly evolving, techno-centric world.So, where does this leave aging and older employees? The truth is, the general outloo k isnââ¬â¢t black and white- many older employees will figure out how to avoid age discrimination and find professional success, while others will struggle and face a variety of challenges along the way. Ladders discussed the issue of age discrimination in a recent article that included some helpful advice on how to face this tricky topic.Which side of the fence will you be on? While it may be impossible to completely control how the professional world perceives you as you get older, there are things you can do to hopefully avoid age discrimination- whether youââ¬â¢ve been on the job for years or are job hunting for your next position. Use the following strategies to avoid age discrimination in your professional life.Stay relevant.The world of work is quickly evolving, and those of us who work to stay relevant are much more likely to have a place in it- those who chose to endlessly bemoan these changes and remain stuck in the past will have a much harder road ahead of them.Reg ardless of your age, fight to stay relevant- master the current technology used by your office and industry (take classes if need be), get flexible and comfortable with a new agile and lean workplace environment (this may mean working remotely at a work share facility instead of having your own office), and even follow current styles of professional behavior and dress so that you fit in (get casual and ditch the tie or blazer if youââ¬â¢re the only one wearing them). Bottom line- if you want to seem relevant, make sure that you donââ¬â¢t stand out for the wrong reasons and show that youââ¬â¢re more than ready for whatever changes are on the horizon.Embrace change.Simply put, everything is changing- the old rules and ways of doing things are being tossed out the window and replaced by new approaches and innovations. By not only staying on top of these changes but embracing them, youââ¬â¢ll continually reassert your professional relevance and value and increase your chance s of being viewed as an asset, not an outdated fossil waiting to be put out to pasture.Demonstrate that youââ¬â¢re not only the kind of employee who can handle change, but can alsoà thrive when change happens, and can even lead the charge forward. For example, think of ways your company can take advantage of current and emerging innovation and show the powers that be that you can help steer your company to future success. Itââ¬â¢ll be hard to deny your value as an employee if youââ¬â¢re constantly offering bold new ideas for how your company can face the future.When all else fails- assert your rights.If youââ¬â¢re doing all you can to remain a current and valuable part of the modern workplace but are still facing seemingly insurmountable hurdles, the truth is that age discrimination is illegal. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) protects workers over the age of 40 from discrimination on the basis of age. If you feel that youââ¬â¢re being unfairly discri minated against on the basis of age, know your rights and options and donââ¬â¢t be afraid to take action.The bottom lineWhile getting older does present new challenges for navigating the work world, you donââ¬â¢t have to let your age wholly define you as an employee or job candidate, and you shouldnââ¬â¢t allow yourself to be a victim of age discrimination. Use the strategies and advice presented here to avoid age discrimination and remain a valuable professional commodity. When the wave of change hits your industry or company (and thereââ¬â¢s a good chance it already has), will you sink or swim? Take charge of your professional future. margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-78833450075048189912020-02-14T12:52:00.001-08:002020-02-14T12:52:03.037-08:00Managing Organizational Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 wordsManaging Organizational Strategy - Essay Example The company has been in operation since its establishment in the year 1911 and has had its 30% shares owned by the Thornton family. The companyââ¬â¢s products mostly include chocolates, toffee and fudge, though it also deals in candies among other stuff (Smith, 2001). It has been committed to delivering quality products. It is led by Peter Burdon as the chief executive and boosts of at least 500 retail shops in over 568 countries across the globe. Part A: Strategic Position of Thornton External Environment: PESTLE Analysis Quite involved is the external environment of Thorntons Company which is associated with a number of activities. Its external business environment has suppliers, customers, competitors, as well as a number of regulations which are of direct influence to its business operations. The company has made efforts to ascertain that its ultimate role and purpose as regards its immediate environment enable it understand its position and place in the entire chocolate indus try (Treanor, 2000). The company has therefore acquired a stable position in its business environment alongside suiting its capabilities and resources. The company has also been able to align itself towards different needs form various governments. The same has been its case with regulations and legislations in its various markets in different countries within which it operates. In terms of economy, Thorntons Company has been stably placed in the market and it has been seen to be favored by trends in interest rates. Its employment is also well supplied and viable as far as its business operations are concerned along with reliable income distribution which is pinned on the same (Lee, 2001). The company has also been stable in it market amid inflations and recessions which have of late struck the entire global economy. In addition, Thorntons Company has been in the forefront in regard to corporate social responsibility. This is depicted as having positioned it well in terms of its rel ationship with the communities within which it does operate. Jenkins (2001) observes that this has also been the trend with peopleââ¬â¢s eating habits which have been seen to incline more and more to Thorntons Company products even in foreign markets. The company has therefore been able to influence a magnitude in its business environment. It has also adopted technological approaches such as in its productsââ¬â¢ preservation and packaging. Its link to suppliers has also been electronically enabled hence efficiency (Cyert and Williams, 1993). The company also embraced internet sales and marketing of its products, as well as branding of the same. This has made easy and enhanced its operations especially following the fact that it is operating within a competitive market alongside helping in its management of data and information. Putting basis on environment and natural resources conservation, Thorntons Company has also been an advocate for green consumerism as have been identif ied with its operations and business activities (Edelman and Suchman, 1997). It has embraced recycling as well as environment sound and friendly packaging systems alongside energy efficient systems in its operations. Legally, the company has also been able to adhere to stipulated legislation requirements in various countries it has business in. this is evident in terms of health and safety requirements, in its planning systems and employment requirements. Strategy Capability Analyses: Using Value Chain to margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-67349324189420117412020-02-01T20:46:00.001-08:002020-02-01T20:46:03.152-08:00Week 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1Week 5 - Essay Example hat the racial composition of Baltimore neighborhood is dominated by the African American, followed by the Latino and the remaining portion occupied by few whites. Evident socio-economic disparity which places significant Black population at the low income end is reflected in spending pattern. It can also be noted that the number of supermarkets and food chain stores are relatively few (Leslie 14). This is another indicator of limited access to high quality food. It is worth to note that price and demand are inversely related and this is reflected in the food spending pattern in Baltimore. The few food chain stores can be seen as directly proportion to the few high income white races. The graph indicates that the bulk of the population is low income earners. The consequences are less incentive of quality food selling stores top set up branches in such places. This translates to access to cheaper food which has relatively lower nutritional value. In the case of Baltimore with a low in come majority, prices have to be down with grocery ranging $1.99 - $3. This means that when food prices are high, the income level of people determines choice of quality. Junk food remains accessible but has significantly higher fat content which poses health risks to the population. It is important to note that availability of accessible pack and other open public places are instrumental in determining the need to undertake physical exercise. However, there tend to be a relationship between existence of such social amenities and the income of the surrounding. Baltimore is a case of limited public places where people can exercise their physical bodies. The result is poor physical health prospects and potential exposure to obesity. The prevailing average income of the majority is a central factor in setting diet standards. In essence, low income means elasticity to food prices and hence access to low quality cheaper food (Leslie 23). The problem with this is high risk exposure in regard margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-45711882663115775112020-01-24T17:10:00.001-08:002020-01-24T17:10:03.963-08:00Essay --Christopher Pace 3-11-14 Research Paper Harriet Tubman was a woman who cared for others and she also was a hero to many blacks. She had an extremely hard life although it eventually got better for Harriet. She was a very lucky and intelligent girl. However, as a child growing up, she was small, slow and was picked on because of it. She was able to make history even though she was a slave, and for a slave she held her own for a long time enduring beatings and whippings. In the life of Harriet Tubman, her childhood was the first obstacle and there were many to follow. She was born in 1820 into the hard life of slavery. Instead of her real name, she took her motherââ¬â¢s name of Harriet. Her real name was Aramintia Harriet Ross and her nickname was Minty. Her childhood was hard having eight siblings besides her. She had three sisters sold to plantations near Alabama. This was also hard because she was a Christian and was supposed to forgive people for wronging her. Harriet lived in Alabama which was a very hostile slave state in the south. She was also lucky to have two parents. Harriet Tubmanââ¬â¢s fatherââ¬â¢s name was Binate Ross and her motherââ¬â¢s name was Harriet. She became the youngest after her younger brother died. She was a very rebellious girl and even started a rebellion by throwing a stone at the overseer, for which she was punished by getting whipped. Her consequences were getting whipped for hours on end. She had one very hard childhood and every night she had nightmares of the horrifying treatments she was given for doing something wrong out on the farms. She was Pace #2 a tough girl becau... ...ved became fully bound citizens of the United States of America. The greatest known achievement for Harriet Tubman was her escape out of slavery. This gave other blacks courage and hopes to stand up for each other too. Another achievement was when she was able to accept that her husband left her for another woman during her quest to save slaves. It took great courage to continue the work of freeing slaves after her husband married another woman. Harriet also earned the name of conductor of the great Underground Railroad. There were many achievements she had like getting married, escaping slavery, helping others through the Underground Railroad and teaching children. She made a huge mark in the history Pace #4 of the United States and for black Americans. The main thing that she tried to accomplish during her life was to make the rest of the blacks free. margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-9643097239746418422020-01-16T13:34:00.001-08:002020-01-16T13:34:03.215-08:00Art and the Roman Catholic Church EssayArt and the Roman Catholic Church have ties that go back to the simple foundation of Christianity itself. Through the beginning of the 1st century through modern times, art has played a crucial role for the church and itââ¬â¢s 2.1 billion person following. Art has been used to portray events in the history of Catholicism as well as to convey the message of the Bible, the Christian religions most valued source of information. Artistic styles have varied throughout the years, taking on a gothic look after the era of the Byzantine Empire, the Romanesque style of architecture, diving into forms of art such as theatre and poem, art and the Catholic Church have been tightly associated for centuries. Before the relationship between art and the Catholic church can be expressed, the term ââ¬Å"artâ⬠, must first be defined. St. Thomas Aquinas (c.1225-1274) relates art and religion by sharing that, ââ¬Å"The knowledge of God is to all creatures what the knowledge of the artificer is to things made by his art.â⬠i The influential philosopher brings together a comparison of the mystery of faith and ties it to art. The meaning of his quotes is to address the level of Godââ¬â¢s knowledge in a way where people will understand. He does this by comparing Godââ¬â¢s knowledge to that of an artist, how no one knows exactly why things are the way they are besides the artist, therefore the exact purpose is left to interpretation. Because art has been around longer than written word has, it gives a special insight to the earliest periods in the time of the Catholic church. The oldest form of art found in Christianity is dated to the early 2nd century, where sculptures were found on Roman coffins.ii These coffins would usually depict Christian symbols such as the fish, the cross, or the dove, and only be recognizable to fellow Christians due to the vast amount of persecution amongst the Christian religion. These symbols are seen as the earliest forms of art and Christianity. Many Christian beliefs are based and formed on artists depictions of what happened during the life of Jesus Christ as well as before he was alive. ââ¬Å"Here one is faced with the awkward fact that the only evidence on which one could base a history of emotional experience is the work of art itself.â⬠i Newton expresses the odd truth that the most precise way to interpret the emotion of early 2nd century Christians to late 18th century Catholics is through are, but the one who is looking for this understanding of emotion must first see the artwork from the emotions and thoughts expressed, not by itââ¬â¢s genre. Putting art into the category of ââ¬Å"Christianâ⬠or ââ¬Å"Religiousâ⬠is misleading. Yes the artist may have been Christian, yes the artwork may contain religious symbols or depictions, but what the artist is intending on doing is making you feel a specific way while also conveying an interpretation. The Creation Story in Genesis I gives us a look at what it is believed God likes. Because God ââ¬Å"created humankind in his image,â⬠ii and he ââ¬Å"saw everything he had made and indeed it was very good,â⬠iii this can only portray the belief that God himself finds joy in the beauty of the world as an expression of the beauty that is in Himself. Leaving one to interpret that God is an appreciator of art in itââ¬â¢s entirety. Emperor Constantine actually plays a major role in art for the Catholic Church. Emperor Constantine was the head of the Byzantine Empire in 313AD when he officially approved Christianity be recognized.iv This was one of the most important events in the history of Christianity because before this, Christians were a group that met in secret to avoid persecution by gentiles for believing that Jesus was the messiah. The Byzantine Empire controlled all the land around the Mediterranean Sea, a major point of travel and trade. This allowed for a bigger turnout of Jews converting to Christianity. The Byzantine style of art is described as a, ââ¬Å"fusion of oriental decoration, Hellenistic naturalism with echoes of pagan subject matter, and Christian symbolism.â⬠iMosaics would be painted along city walls, later on finding their way into churches. The pieces of work also served as advertisements for the Christian Church. Built in the early 12th century, Abbey Church of St. Denis is the first Gothic-style Cathedral ever built.ii It represents the typical blueprint for Gothic architecture. The high windows, ceilings and arcs are all typical styles of gothic architecture in regards to the cathedrals that popped up throughout the late 12th century. In it stood ââ¬Å"the Virgin of Jeanne dââ¬â¢Evreuxâ⬠, a 68cm sculpture depicting the Virgin Mary holding baby Christ. Aside from currently being held in the Louvre museum, the sculpture captures what is known even today as the fundamental image most Christians have in their mind. Although there hasnââ¬â¢t been a photograph of this event, Christians have images of Mary and Baby Jesus in their mind because of art in the church. As a place for learning, people go to church to do more than listen to the priest, but to let the art and architecture of the church effect them spiritually. View as multi-pages margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-6461418049183465882020-01-08T09:57:00.001-08:002020-01-08T09:57:03.688-08:00Is The Death Penalty Immoral - 1622 Words Is the death penalty immoral? In the United States, if a human being commits a capital crime, they can receive the punishment of execution administered by that state in which they performed that crime. When someone commits a capital crime, the jury can issue a guilty verdict that is punishable by death through lethal injection or electrocution. The death penalty is viewed as an extremely controversial topic that is debated daily among individuals. Determining fair punishment for committing a crime causes one to question their ethical and moral beliefs on the treatment of a human who takes another humansââ¬â¢ life. When comparing whether or not the death penalty is immoral or not we must consider both sides of the argument. Death penalty sentences have so much controversy simply because a victim has already lost their life and the defendant is being faced with losing his or her life. Those opposed to the death penalty make various claims to support their views such as executing an innocent person, rehabilitation of the defendant, racial bias, and utilization of alternatives to the death penalty. For instance, the ACLU states the following: It [capital punishment] is immoral in principle, and unfair and discriminatory in practice . . . No one deserves to die. When the government metes out vengeance disguised as justice, it becomes complicit with killers in devaluing human life and human dignity. In a civilized society, we reject the principle of literally doing to criminalsShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is Immoral1521 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"Dead Men Walkingâ⬠, advocates strongly for the abolition of the death penalty. The non-fiction work is based on her experience being the spiritual advi sor of Sonnier and other inmates on death row. Prejean believes that if people know the truth about executions, they will oppose them. In her essay ââ¬Å"Memoirs of a Dead Man Walkingâ⬠, she openly opposes the death penalty. There are four reasons for her to oppose death penalty is immoral as. Firstly, it is a torture. Secondly,, it does not work out asRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Morally Immoral1030 Words à |à 5 PagesPresident Obama was quoted in 2006 saying, ââ¬Å"If an offender has committed murder, he must die. In this case, no possible substitute can satisfy justice. For there is no parallel between death and even the most miserable life, so that there is no equality of crime and retribution unless the perpetrator is judicially put to death (Audacity of Hope 2006). As the leader of the free world and the President of our great nation, his values empower our society to believe in the same thing. The strength and influenceRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Immoral And Viol ates Human Rights915 Words à |à 4 PagesPunishment by death for people convicted of certain crimes also known as the death penalty is unethical. There are currently 31 states including New Hampshire, in the U.S. with the death penalty and 19 states without. The death penalty is immoral and violates human rights. In some parts of the United States we have a biased criminal justice system which can lead to false an unlawful sentence to death. The death penalty also has irreversible outcomes if proven innocent, it doesnââ¬â¢t lower crime ratesRead More The Death Penalty Is Archaic and Immoral Essays559 Words à |à 3 Pages The death penalty is simply a modernized version of the Holy Bibleââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a footâ⬠. Some argue that death is a necessary retribution for murderous cases - but is it effective morally? Revenge only glorifies violence, which is most definitely not the message the world s trives to display. The death penalty is a negative form of punishment and insinuates a harsh reflection of society economically, politically, and socially. Read More Death Penalty: Ineffective, Inhumane, and Immoral Essays1228 Words à |à 5 PagesThe death penalty is the pivot of much controversy within our society and government. Most people deem it a touchy subject, rarely making it a hot topic amongst general conversations. The issue usually raises many a blood pressure and may even have the tendency to end life-long friendships. The country is split on the issue and does not seem to find the desire to come to a compromise. While this is not true, this does not quiet the voices of people arguing for capital punishment. The issue of deathRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Death Penalty931 Words à |à 4 PagesArgument Essay: Death Penalty The American Justice System has been using the death penalty, also known as capital punishment, as a way to serve a prisoners sentence usually due to the crime of murder. The death penalty in the American Justice System has been used for many years now. Although in 18 states the death penalty has already been abolished, there are still 32 states where it is still legal. The death penalty should not be legal in the American Justice System, because it is immoral, unjust, andRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Death Penalty1331 Words à |à 6 PagesThe death penalty has always been an issue or debate in the United States, typically being asked if it should be illegal or not. As of right now there are thirty-one states, including Ohio in which I live, that still use the death penalty as it is illegal in the rest. There are many supporters of it, there is also a huge amount of opposition. There are things included in both sides that can make the argument harder to be one-sided but I believ e that the death penalty should be legal throughout theRead MoreDeath Penalty Argumentative Essay1424 Words à |à 6 PagesThe death penalty, or capital punishment, is the execution of an offender that is sentenced to death by a court of law for a criminal offense. à This type of punishment for inmates is involved in controversy over whether or not it is an acceptable form of punishment for criminals and also whether or not it is immoral. à There are many arguments for both sides of the debate, each making valid points and pointing out the flaws of the opposing position. Many religions are either for or against capitalRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Endorsed: An Opinion Essay649 Words à |à 3 PagesThe Death Penalty: The debate regarding the death penalty is an issue that has continued to attract huge controversies in the past few years. Consequently, public opinion about the death penalty has relatively changed in the recent years though this concept has less support unlike mid-1990s. The main reason for the minimal support of the death penalty originates from the fact that its proponents cite similar reasons to those provided by its supporters two decades ago. The major factors that haveRead MoreIs life in prison without parole better than the death penalty?812 Words à |à 4 Pagesin prison without parole better than the death penalty? This is it, this is the last time you will ever see daylight again. The dim light of the outside world seems to be overtaken by shadows. You squeeze your eyes shut, and then everything goes dark.à That is the death penalty. What exactly is the death penalty? In the dictionary, it is defined as, the sentence of death upon a person by the state as a punishment for an offense. What the death penalty itself serves is retribution and revenge margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-73478249874062260212019-12-31T06:23:00.001-08:002019-12-31T06:23:02.858-08:00Teaching Strategy in the Classroom - 2909 Words Teaching Strategies Applied Effectively in the Classroom In a classroom, the teacher is the leader. As such, they must take into account which teaching methods would be best to develop their students learning abilities. During my observations at New Hyde Park Memorial High School, I was able to witness a wide array of teaching strategies. For this paper, I will choose specific methods, and discuss how certain teachers used them effectively within the classroom. First, I will discuss how the modeling process was used to enhance studentââ¬â¢s abilities to learn. Modeling is a process of teaching through demonstration. Second, I will discuss how mapping, a learning strategy that helps students understand relationships between ideas, wasâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Mapping allows students to organize thoughts and concepts in new ways. Additionally, graphic organizers have been proven to improve learning outcomes in many students. There are many different kinds of graphic organizers that can be used. For the purpose of this paper I will d iscuss the Venn diagram I observed in Mr. Mechanicââ¬â¢s classroom, and network trees that I observed in Mr. Scott Colvin and Ms. Abbe Katzââ¬â¢s classrooms. A Venn Diagram consist of two large circles with separate topics and an intersecting middle area where the relations between ideas are written. In Mr. Mechanicââ¬â¢s tenth grade English class the circles focused on literary elements contained in two poems. In the middle section, Mr. Mechanic had the students discuss the literary elements that were found in both of these works. The use of this Venn diagram helped the students better understand each individual section, as well as recognize the way certain elements can be used in multiple ways. (Observe class notes 6, 8) Both Mr. Colvin, in his eleventh grade English class, and Ms. Katz, in her ninth grade advanced English class, utilized network trees. In Mr. Colvinââ¬â¢s class, it was used to help examine characteristics of leadership. The tree was organized with a b lock in the middle, marked ââ¬Å"Leadership,â⬠and four spawned off circles that focused on individual aspects of leadership. Mr. Colvin then had the students answer follow up questions which further allowed themShow MoreRelatedClassroom Management And Teaching Strategies Essay905 Words à |à 4 Pages(Stage 1: online self-paced and Stage 2: online discussion) with the offline mode (Stage 3: face-to-face action learning). The modules in LeP are as follows: CM 1: Classroom Management and Teaching Strategies CM 2: Blended Learning in Hospitality School CM 3: Problem-based Learning in Hospitality School CM 4: Learning Outcomes CM 5: Teaching and Learning Theories CM 6: Assessment and Evaluation This e-training programme was registered under the Malaysian Human Resources Development Fund (HRDF). ItRead MoreClassroom Management And Teaching Strategies1172 Words à |à 5 Pages(Stage 1: online self-paced and Stage 2: online discussion) with the offline mode (Stage 3: face-to-face action learning). The modules in LeP were as follows: CM 1: Classroom Management and Teaching Strategies CM 2: Blended Learning in Hospitality School CM 3: Problem-based Learning in Hospitality School CM 4: Learning Outcomes CM 5: Teaching and Learning Theories CM 6: Assessment and Evaluation This e-training programme was registered under the Malaysian Human Resources Development Fund (HRDF). ItRead MoreSchool Dynamics, Classroom Environments, And Teaching Strategies1418 Words à |à 6 Pages My field experience was at Port Chester High School and Preston High School. During my observations, I was able to examine the many differences that exist in school dynamics, classroom environments, and teaching strategies Port Chester High School is a comprehensive high school that houses grades 9-12 with 1,319 students enrolled. About one-third of the students are current or former English Language Learners. The schools culture diversity is comprised of over 28 nations, 75 percent are HispanicRead MoreObstacles For Children At The Classroom : Bullies, Ineffective Teaching Strategies, Poor Classroom Management Essay1409 Words à |à 6 PagesThere are numerous obstacles for children to hurdle in the classroom: bullies, ineffective teaching strategies, poor classroom management; however, the issue that concerns me the most is equity. I saw problems caused by lack of equity all throughout my childhood and I still see them now when I enter classrooms to observe. Personally, I struggled with the fact that I would never have the opportunity to travel the world like many of my peers were able toââ¬âmy family simply couldnââ¬â¢t afford it. I feltRead MoreHow Students Learn And Effective Classroom Teac hing Strategies900 Words à |à 4 PagesSC2 Demonstrate an understanding of how students learn and effective classroom teaching strategies and the capacity to work with colleagues to continually improve teaching and learning. At Mill Park Secondary College (Senior Campus), I have the opportunity to work with a group of Year 10 students on their financial mathematics. The class is made up of 14 boys and 11 girls. And here is a glimpse of their background. This is a low SES co-ed school with an ICSEA value of 984 (My School, 2015a), whichRead MoreTeaching Fluency- Implications for Repeated Readings as a Viable Strategy in Teaching Fluency in the Second Grade Classroom1716 Words à |à 7 Pageseducation today. There are many opinions among educators and researchers on what fluency means, and how it should be addressed in a classroom setting. I researched four articles from respected journals, and in this paper I will attempt to define fluency and measurement tools. I will also discuss Repeated Reading as a viable strategy for teaching Fluency in the second grade classroom. I chose this particular topic, because I felt it would be most beneficial in influencing my own literacy instruction. FluencyRead MoreJe an Piagetââ¬Å¡Ãâà ´s theory of child development along with effective learning methods and teaching strategies used in secondary school classrooms with particular attention paid to science5758 Words à |à 24 Pagesï » ¿Section A- Literature Review Jean Piagetââ¬â¢s theory of child development along with effective learning methods and teaching strategies used in secondary school classrooms with particular attention paid to science A childââ¬â¢s developing mind1,2,3 Without a doubt, Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was one of the most influential child psychologists. In his day he was at the forefront of research into child psychology and even today, his word is cited by many in the profession. The constructivist theory (seeRead MoreThe Benefits Of Responsive Teaching And Co-Teaching In Education905 Words à |à 4 Pagesdisabilities in mainstream classrooms. These studies were instrumental in the usage of co-teaching and collaborative strategies as integrative parts of educational support services. They were delivery models for students both with and without special needs and acted as the foundation for responsive classrooms project both social and academic advantages (U.V.C.S.E., 2016). The two studies revealed a significant research study which showed that the use of the ââ¬Å"Responsive Classroom approach encompassed withRead MoreEssay Developmentally Appropriate Teaching Strategies1204 Words à |à 5 PagesAppropriate Teaching Strategies SOC 312 Children, Family Society September 2, 2013 Developmentally Appropriate Teaching Strategies Todayââ¬â¢s classrooms are becoming more and more diverse with students that have disabilities and those that come from different cultures. It is important for educators to ensure that their teaching strategies are appropriate for all of the children in their classroom. 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Through developing fundamental key strategies like, being well prepared and margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-314107416784032882019-12-23T02:10:00.001-08:002019-12-23T02:10:03.250-08:00Marketing Analysis Marketing Communications - 2799 Words Marketing Communications Adam Doty, Constance Bankston, Allix Eckermann, and Deidra Poltersdorf MKT/498 June 29, 2/15 Heather Teague Marketing Communications Marketing communications are a fundamental part in a creating and implementing a marketing plan to deliver product information, competitive advantage, retain the current customer base, gain new consumers, and reinforce relationships with stakeholders. Analyzing various marketing communication components in advertising, personal selling, public relations, and promotion will determine the most effective route to reach the target market and promote products. Advertising Advertising is one of if not the most important aspects of a marketing campaign. Horrible products withâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Another way they can advertise is through product placement in movies and television shows. This isn t as direct as a commercial but can be just as powerful in some cases. Building an online presence in todayââ¬â¢s society is a must if a company wants to succeed at an international level. With many people however using ad block while browsing the internet can one successfully get noticed. Instead of piggybacking on other videos and doing an advertisement in them, you go viral yourself. Once a video goes viral on the internet we are talking globally exposure at a level that was previously unthinkable. The ability for it to be shared and watched whenever makes the accessibility very desirable. Old Spice has proven it knows how to establish an online presence. While print is dying it is still a viable option for advertisement. However, the negative aspects outweigh the benefits in that it will be cost effective considering between the internet and television the majority of the target market is covered. Radio is in the same boat as well; more people have their own devices or ways of playing music instead of just listening to a station. Perhaps an advertising partnership with live streaming company like Twitch.tv where individuals or companies stream themselves playing games or djing. The target audience is margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-79677373370907265662019-12-14T22:39:00.001-08:002019-12-14T22:39:04.315-08:00Modes Of Transportation Free Essays Metro Manila is the metropolitan region which has the most populous metropolitan area in the Philippines and 11th most populous in the world. Based on 2010 national statistics it had a population of 11,855,975 populations that is 13% of national population (2010 Population and Housing Census: NCR). The rapid population growth corresponds to more economic needs and mobility for transport of goods, services and products. We will write a custom essay sample on Modes Of Transportation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The direct relationship between urban areas and its population must meet the standard for deficiency of road and highway length as well as modes of transportation in metropolitan area. Nowadays, transportation is accessible at it is. Different modes of transportation are well available for the passenger in provinces and more advantageously in metropolitan area. It is the prerogative of the passenger to choose what will be the mode that would bring him/her to their destination as fast as possible. Sometimes, comfort and convenience are sacrificed in order to meet the time in school, work, event, etc. Theoretical framework Figure shows the model of the study ââ¬â the theoretical framework. The respondents, from the first year students of pharmacy, shall be exposed to three experimental conditions, to elicit their waiting behaviors. Economic ââ¬â efficient mobility for good vehicles that comfortably good for passenger, local economic development like LRT and MRT that are functionally good, and operational efficiency that passengers are satisfied from their travel. Social- social equity (fairness), human safety and health affordability, community cohesion, and cultural preservation from the passenger, Environmental ââ¬â air, noise and water reductions, climate change emissions resource conservation, open ââ¬â diversity, and biodiversity protection. Statement of the Problem The study aimed to determine the behavior of Freshmen Students in Pharmacy of Centro Escolar University in considering different modes of transportation possible through certain place. Apart from that, the researches aimed to identify the following: 1. What is the attitude of the passenger towards selecting mode of transportation that suits their comfort and convenience? 2. What is the mode of transportation that is easy to ride? 3. Why are freshmen Student of pharmacy are being late and absent in class? 4. How can they limit their late and absences? Hypothesis Amidst the growing number of population in the Philippines and blinding pollution it possess, students nowadays still resist to fight back these struggles they face as they go to school every school days. These troublesome concerns had been giving negative impacts to students. Due to this, alternative solutions are arising for a comfortable way of going to school. Options given to students are renting condominiums, owning a car or ride the hassle-free mode of transportation the environment offers. This study will show the adjustment of freshmen students of the School of Pharmacy of CEU when it comes to modes of transportation Significance of the Study The study will represent the behavior of freshmen Student of pharmacy in considering different modes of transportation possible through certain place. The considering factor will be enumerated and thoroughly discussed to inform possible modest and safest modes for a respondents that selected randomly. Data will also give volume of traffic occur daily to determine what specific day will have congested traffic that varies the choice of passenger and take into consideration the factors that provided by studies. The study is very essential into what mode of transportation will be convenient according to daily traffic state. At the end of the study, readers will understand why does majority of passengerââ¬â¢s took certain mode and why minority prevails choose other. Scope and Limitation Commuting is considered to be one of the daily tasks done especially by freshmen students of pharmacy. To commute or travel from one place to another varies by which mode of transportation is best, either by road or LRT/MRT, when reaching your destination. For this study, the data collection is limited to CEU students who travel by jeeps, bus, and taxi, LRT, MRT coming from different places within Metro Manila and nearby provinces to arrive in our campus. This will be in the form of survey questionnaire both in print and paper that will be handed out to students randomly to ensure that all the answers that will be collected from our respondents vary. Since the research is concerned with the different factors, which affects the various choices of transportation for commuters, this would mean that students who drives and rents condominiums, apartments and/or dormitories are excluded in our study. Psychological analysis through series of survey will provide different factor that commuterââ¬â¢s takes priority in choosing most convenient modes of transportation. The research will only be limited to a small portion of the schoolsââ¬â¢ population since this will only last for 2 days, the data that will be collected will represent the entire freshmen student of pharmacy of the school. How to cite Modes Of Transportation, Papers margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-38763991769157944052019-12-06T19:03:00.001-08:002019-12-06T19:03:02.230-08:00Is it Americas role to intervene in Iraq Essay Example For Students Is it Americas role to intervene in Iraq? Essay As Afghan opposition groups and U.S. armed forces continue their successes in the war against the Taliban and al Qaeda, the American debate has quickly turned to the question of where the fight against terrorism should go next. In numerous public statements, President Bush has talked about a wide-ranging campaign against global terrorism. He has not committed to military operations against any other countries or terrorist organizations, but he has made it clear that the broader struggle against terrorism will be a long-lasting effort that could include the use of military force in regions beyond Afghanistan. A strong case can be made that Iraqs leader, Saddam Hussein, is so threatening to his people, his neighbors, and U.S. interests that the United States should use military force, unilaterally if necessary, to overthrow him. Proponents of such an approach, however, often underestimate the costs and risks involved. Instead of mounting a U.S. attack on Iraq as part of the current cam paign, the Bush administration should take advantage of its success in Afghanistan to pressure allies and regional players to isolate Saddams regime and to reinforce deterrence in an unambiguous way. A new Bush Doctrine should announce that Baghdads support for terrorist networks, transfer of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups or individuals who target the United States, or the harboring of such terrorists will be considered an act of war and lead immediately to an American military intervention to overthrow the regime. Targeting IraqThere are many potential targets for a possible post-Afghanistan phase of the warAbu Sayyaf guerrilla bases in the Philippines, for example, as well as terrorist headquarters and training camps in Somalia, Syria, and Lebanon. But none is more consequential or more prominent in the current policy debate than Saddam Husseins regime in Iraq. Numerous outside analysts and (more privately) some senior Bush administration officials are already making the case that the next phase in the war on terrorism should be an effort to overthrow the Iraqi regimeif necessary, with U.S. military force. On November 26, President Bush himself appeared to raise the ante on the Iraq debate, stating that Saddam would find out what was in store for him if he failed to heed international demands to allow inspectors into Iraq to look for weapons of mass destruction programs. While Bushs statement may have been nothing more than a reiteration of existing U.S. policy, it was interpreted by many as a conscious effort to remind the world of the dangers posed by Saddam and to begin to create a legal and political predicate to justify an eventual American attack against him. Many overthrow advocates argue that the United States should remove Saddam regardless of whether Iraq was involved in the September 11 terrorist attacks or not. Absent compelling evidence of significant Iraqi involvement with the al Qaeda network or the events of September 11, the likely costs and risks of a commitment of American military forces to a regime-change campaign in Iraq would outweigh the benefits. A U.S. overthrow campaign would entail a large-scale military operation that the United States would probably have to undertake essentially alone; the increased risk of triggering terrorist attacks against American or allied targets; significant American casualties given the potential for intense urban combat and Iraqi use of chemical and biological agents; and the likely need for a long-term American military presence in Iraq to avoid regional destabilization. While these costs and risks are not so high as to rule out a possible overthrow policy under certain circumstances, they should be sobering to any advocate of sending U.S. troops to war to change the Iraqi regime. The central assumption behind this argument is that Saddamunlike the religiously motivated Taliban/al Qaeda networkis more interested in preserving his power, his regime, and his life than in carrying out acts of terror against American interests. If that assumption proves wrong and evidence emerges of Iraqi sponsorship of terrorism against the United States, the considerable costs of a U.S. intervention to overthrow Saddam would be worth payingwhether the rest of the international community was on board or not. The Challenge of Overthrowing Saddam HusseinEven short of any new Iraqi acts of aggression or terror, the removal of Saddam Hussein from power would be highly desirable, and the arguments that force should be used to remove him are not trivial. Saddam has shown great determination to produce weapons of mass destruction and has a track record of ruthless aggression against his own people and several of his neighbors, including Iran, Israel, and Kuwait. He has a proven desire for vengeanceas evidenced in the attempted assassination of forme r President George Bush in 1993 and the murder of two of his own sons-in-law after they briefly defected to Jordan in 1995. There is clear evidence that terrorists, even if not part of the al Qaeda network, have been trained in Iraq in the past. Although Saddam and al Qaeda are adversaries in many waysSaddam is a committed secularist, except where it suits him to pretend otherwise, and al Qaeda claims to be motivated by religionit is not implausible that they would join forces to attack the United States. The apparent meetings in Prague between an Iraqi intelligence official and hijacker Mohammed Atta in 2000 and 2001 suggest that at least a limited form of contact has already occurred. Even as policymakers contemplate the many potential benefits of removing Saddam from power, however, they should not overlook the likely costs, risks, and consequences of an attempt to do so. Air Power and Opposition Forces Alone Would Not Suffice. Despite the claims of many regime-change proponents, policymakers should be under no illusion that Saddam could be quickly overthrown by the application of U.S. airpower in support of a ready-made, armed opposition. While improvements in U.S. air capabilities since the Gulf Warincluding Global Positioning System (GPS)-guided bombs and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) coupled in near real-time to command centers and manned aircrafthave been significant, they would almost certainly not be enough to make possible victory by air power alone. Even GPS-guided bombs are generally not accurate enough to destroy armor, and Saddam would be sure to position much of his force (and weapons of mass destruction) in crowded cities, schoolyards, and hospitals, greatly complicating U.S. targeting options. The successful use of laser-guided bombs against stationary Iraqi tanks in the Kuwaiti desert in 1991known as tank-plinkingwould be difficult to replicate in the complex terrain and urban areas in cen tral Iraq. Iraqi opposition forces are deeply divided and have a history of infighting. Even if aggregated, the various Kurdish, Shia, and Sunni opposition forces have perhaps one-tenth the strength of Iraqi armed forces. They would be outnumbered more than two to one just by Saddams most dedicated fighters, his Special Republican Guard and Republican Guard forces, totaling about 100,000 personnel. Communication Systems EssayA Deterrable RegimeInstead of incurring these high costs and significant risks, the United States should follow a different coursea reinforced policy of deterrence articulated as a new Bush doctrine that would explicitly threaten regime change in response to Iraqi acts of terrorism or aggression. As threatening and dangerous as Saddam Hussein may be, the track record suggests that he can be dissuaded from undertaking actions that he believes would likely lead to his overthrow. During the Gulf War, Saddam refrained from using the weapons of mass destruction we now know he had, understanding (following explicit threats from U.S. Secretary of State James Baker and Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney) that to do so would almost surely lead to his downfall. He has used chemical weapons against Iran and against his Kurdish citizens, but never against a countrysuch as Israel or the United Statesthat could destroy him. He moved brigades southward towards Kuwait again in 1994, only to pull back once the Clinton administration mounted Operation Vigilant Warrior, a deployment of tens of thousands of troops. He interfered with the work of foreign weapons inspectors frequently, and ultimately expelled them, but never killed or harmed them. He brutally attacked Shia resistance forces in southern Iraq in 1991, after it became clear that the first Bush administration would not interfere to stop such operations, but generally avoided brutality against Kurds in the north on ce the United States made clear its commitment to their security. In 1996, he did direct an incursion into Kurdish parts of Iraqbut only after internecine warfare among Kurds and an explicit invitation to him to intervene by one of the Kurdish factions made it unlikely that the United States would be in a position to oppose him. Saddam has obviously also shown a proclivity for risk-taking, not least in his decision to invade Kuwait (and hold it until U.S. forces expelled him) and his attempted assassination of a former American president. But none of his aggressions, he rightly calculated, seemed likely to lead to his overthrow, with the possible exception of the assassination, had it been successful. That explains, perhaps, why Saddam appears not to have repeated the attempt. The evidence illustrates that Saddam Hussein is a ruthless and brutal dictator, but also that he is bent on self-preservation, and thus deterrable. Saddam might, of course, think he could support al Qaeda or a similar organization and not be caught doing so. But he also knows that the United States has a proven ability to track meetings between his agents and potential terrorists and that it can often trace the origins of biological agents based on their genetic content, particle size, chemical coating, or other attributes. Thus, while there is a chance his cooperation with terrorists could succeed in escaping detection, there is a better chance that the United States would be aware of his activities. Saddam would also be on notice that if his actions followed those of the Taliban, he would meet their fate. ConclusionThe United States should not now mount a large ground operation to overthrow Saddam Hussein, given the prospect that it could entail significant casualties, increase the risk of terror attacks against the United States, and require a long and costly occupation even after Saddam was gone. Anything short of a ground invasion, however, would run a high risk of failure. Despite his brutality, almost all available evidence suggests that Saddam Hussein can be deterred because he values his hold on power and his own life more than any ideological goal and more than revenge against the United States. Future acts by Saddam, or further evidence about his links with al Qaeda, could lead to a different assessment, and there should be little doubt that the American people would support a campaign to overthrow Saddam in such circumstances despite the likely casualties. At present, however, he appears to be contained every bit as well as the North Korean leadershipand much more tightly th an was the Soviet Union during the cold war. This is hardly a case for complacency, however. The United States needs to complement its containment policy by making it unmistakably clear to Saddam Hussein that renewed Iraqi aggression, support for terrorism against the United States or the transfer of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups would lead to a concerted U.S. campaign to overthrow his regime. While the exact threshold for when an overthrow policy would be triggered might be hard to define precisely (indeed there could be some merit in a small measure of ambiguity for the sake of deterrence), certain triggers could be made very explicit: any transfer of weapons of mass destruction to al Qaeda or similar groups; direct complicity in the September 11 attacks or any such attacks in the future; involvement in the September-October 2001 anthrax attacks; or the harboring of groups that carry out terrorism against the United States. Bush could also make clear that a range of other Iraqi actions unrelated to terrorism significant progress toward the production or acquisition of a nuclear weapon; another attempted invasion of Kuwait; an attack on Israel; or the use of force against American troopswould also be considered redlines that would produce a policy of overthrow. To back up the new strategy, the United States should continue to keep adequate military forces available for the job on potentially short notice, develop concrete plans to work with opposition groups for a strategy of overthrow, and mount a diplomatic case with key allies to win their support should an invasion become necessary. At the same time, the Bush administration should accelerate efforts to persuade Russia and some of Iraqs neighbors to move forward with a new sanctions regime that would crack down on Iraqi smuggling, focus sanctions more specifically on the Baghdad leadership and weapons of mass destruction capabilities, and make civilian goods available for easier import into Iraq. Meaningful searches for Iraqs WMD capabilities would also be desirable, but only if they would be more effective than those of the late 1990s. Americas allies and the regional powers need to understand that if Iraq cannot be contained with sanctions and stronger nonproliferation efforts, Washington may ultimately have to use force to achieve that goal. The U.S. administration should make it clear to the rest of the world that it cares a lot more about the well-being and future of the Iraqi population than does Saddam Hussein, and it should hold out a vision of American support for a future Iraq under a different regime. Reinforced deterrence, more vigilant nonproliferation efforts, and smarter sanctions will not make the Persian Gulf region risk-free or immediately free the Iraqi people from a brutal dictatorship. But they will serve the core goal of helping to prevent future terrorist actions like those of September 11 at a reasonable military and strategic cost. margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-64946625825420654282019-11-29T07:05:00.001-08:002019-11-29T07:05:03.449-08:00Lehman Brothers Subprime Crisis free essay sample Introduction The global financial crisis that erupted in September 2008 has thrown economies around the world into a recession. The root cause were sown in the credit boom that peaked in mid-2007, followed by the meltdown of sub-prime mortgages and securitized products. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were both taken over by the government and on September 24, 2008, Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy after failing to find a buyer. The fall of Lehman Brothers rattled the global market and led to a great drop in the United States (U. S. ) stock market the day after the announcement. The sudden failure of Lehman Brothers is widely viewed as a watershed moment in the global financial crisis of 2007 ââ¬â 2009. With over $639 billion in assets and $613 billion in liabilities, it is one of the largest bankruptcies in the history of U. S. (Mamudi, 2008). Lehman Brothers was founded in 1850 by three cotton brokers in Montgomery, Alabama. The firm moved to New York City after the Civil War and grew into one of Wall Streetââ¬â¢s investment giants. We will write a custom essay sample on Lehman Brothers Subprime Crisis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lehman Brothers is a global financial services firm; the fourth largest investment bank in the U. S. Lehman Brothersââ¬â¢ clients is big institutions, not small individuals. It is an innovator in global finance, serving the financial needs of corporations, governments, municipalities, institutional clients and high-net-worth individuals worldwide. Lehman Brothers investment banking operations accounted for just 20 per cent of the companyââ¬â¢s 2007 revenue while most of its net revenue comes from fixed income sales and trading; about 40 per cent. Some of the different fixed income investments that Lehman Brothers deals with include derivatives and swaps, mortgage-backed securities and futures (Callan, n. d. ). However, the investment management business still provides the stable earning base because of its fee-based structure. This term paper will further look into the how Lehman Brothers started off as an investment bank began getting entangled to the subprime mortgages and how it led to its bankruptcy. Lessons from the downfall of Lehman Brothers and the causes and consequences of the collapse will be highlighted in this paper. Subprime Mortgage Crisis The subprime mortgage market lends money to people who donââ¬â¢t meet the credit scoring for ordinary mortgages. For example, a FICO score less than 620 will disqualify the applications from loans at the prime rate. Since subprime borrowers mostly have poor credit history or low incomes, there is a greater possibility that the debts wonââ¬â¢t be paid. Thus, making subprime mortgages risky for lenders. Therefore, to compensate the added risk, banks and other lenders charge higher interest rates on subprime mortgages. This made subprime lending very lucrative. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have led the mortgage industry in the 1990s promoting home ownership amongst lower income borrowers. The growth of subprime mortgage market can be attributed to a number of factors. The lower interest rates which resulted in home mortgage payments inexpensive led to a large number of demands for houses. Figure 1 show, a prolonged period of low interest rates which led to raise in house prices that was completely abnormal by historical standards. Banks searched for a method to meet the ever-increasing demand for mortgages and hence realized the perceived great profit opportunities in the real estate market. This prompted the innovation and design of new financial instruments and organizations such as securitized mortgage loans ââ¬â mortgage backed securities (MBS), asset-backed securities (ABS) and collaterized debt obligations (CDOs) (Knutsen, 2011). As real estate prices rose in the early years of this decade and securitization provided more working capital for mortgage, lenders relaxed their underwriting criteria in order to issue more mortgages (Kirk, n. . ). During the refinancing boom from 2001 to 2003, interest rates fell, borrowing demand increased, mortgage lenders expanded their businesses, and new lenders entered the market (Krinsman, 2007). Figure 2 shows the significant increased in subprime lending from 2004 to 2006. With the U. S. housing boom well under way, Lehman Brothers acquired five mortgage lenders; including subprime lender BNC Mortgage. BNC is ranked as one of the nationââ¬â¢s top 100 mortgage lenders and the eighth largest wholesale subprime lender (Mortgage info, 2007). BNC Mortgage, as the subsidiary of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. ecame the biggest underwriter of U. S. bonds backed by mortgages. As securitization of mortgages increased, the investment banks urged the mortgage lending industry to increase their loan volumes. However, on August 22, 2007, Lehman Brothers decided to close down its subprime-lending unit; BNC Mortgage, causing about 1,200 employees to lose their jobs (Onaran, 2007). Figure 2: The downfall of Lehman Brothers Until 2007, Lehman Brothers has generated a significant portion of its revenue through the issuance of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. Lehman Brothers had grown increasingly reliant on its fixed income trading and underwriting division which served as the primary engine for its strong growth throughout the first half of the decade as shown in Exhibit 1 (Stowell, 2010). When the collapse of the U. S. subprime mortgage industry started, it result in credit crisis and the mortgage default rates began to rise and the demand for these securities began to disappear. Lehman Brothers was left with billions of dollars of rapidly depreciating securities on its balance sheet, forcing it to take large write downs and write-offs (Callan, n. d). As the credit crisis reupted in August 2007 with the failure of two Bear Stearns hedge funds due to a lack of confidence in its subprime mortgage holdings, Lehman Brothersââ¬â¢ stock fell sharply. As Lehman Brothers is one of the major players in the subprime lending, it faced a huge difficulty when the housing bubble burst. Lehman Brothers underwrote a huge amount of MBSs, accumulating an $85 billion portfolio, four times its shareholders equity (Investopedia, 2011). House prices began to decline while short-term interest rates rose and borrowers found themselves unable to pay higher monthly payments by refinancing began to default. The decline in mortgage payments also reduces the value of mortgage-backed securities which erodes the net worth and financial health of banks. Lehman Brothers suffered huge losses accrued in lower-rated mortgage-backed securities throughout 2008 (Anderson Dash, 2008). Another cause of the downfall could be due to the extremely high level of leverage and short-term debt financing. Lehman Brothers significantly increased its leverage over the same timeframe, going from a debt-to-equity ratio of 23. 7 times in 2003 to 35. times in 2007 as shown in Figure 3 (Stowell, 2010). While commercial banks are regulated and cannot leverage their equity more than 15 to 1, Lehman Brothers had a leverage of more than 30 to 1. So, as the leverage increased, the ongoing erosion of the mortgage-backed security industry began to impact Lehman Brothers greatly. In turn, the instability created by the leverage problem was aggravated by Lehman Brothersââ¬â¢ large use of short-term debt which financed m ore than 50 per cent of the asset shown in Figure 4 (Zingales, 2008). After the beginning of the crisis, Lehman Brothers tried to reduce its leverage and reduce its reliance on short-term debt, but it was a little too late. Lehman Brothers, the 158-year-old investment bank finally announced the largest Chapter 11 filing in U. S. history, listing assets of $639 billion and liabilities of $768 billion in September 2008. However, before the filing of Chapter 11, Lehman Brothers was said to be using an ââ¬Å"accounting gimmickâ⬠to make it appear as if it had off-loaded risky assets and reduced its balance sheet during the height of the financial crisis. This gimmick is known as a ââ¬Å"Repo 105â⬠. This allows Lehman Brothers to use the booking of repurchase agreements as sales rather than temporary transactions (Evanson, 2010). Exhibit 1:à Lehman Brothersââ¬â¢ Financial Performance Since 1999 Source: Stowell (2010) Figure 3: Increase in leverage among investment banks Figure 4: Lehman Brothers Liabilities and Shareholdersââ¬â¢ Equity Source: Lehman Annual Report Consequences and Lessons Lehman Brothersââ¬â¢ global footprint meant that thousands of financial market participants were directly impacted by its collapse. Numerous aftershocks were felt throughout the world resulting from numerous cross-border and cross-entity interdependencies. Lehman Brothersââ¬â¢ insolvency has resulted in more than 75 separate and distinct bankruptcy proceedings (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009). Lehman Brothersââ¬â¢ collapse has forced the market to reassess risk. There are many lessons learnt from the collapse of Lehman Brothers is the internal management structure of the company. Advice from Darryl Steinberg, the managing director and senior tax counsel to Lehman Brothers is for in-house tax professionals to be involved with the firmââ¬â¢s business managers from the outset. He said ââ¬Å"Assisting with the firms organisation and structural planning and providing tax-sensitive input in establishing best business practices at the same time as the creation of those business operations is imperative in the highly regulated business world of todayâ⬠(Snowdon, Steinberg, ; Lippman, 2009). Global rating agencies were widely condemned as being asleep on the job or being compromised by a system where their revenue derived from the very firms they were assessing. Closer supervision was called by the European Commission to ensue the publication of high quality credit ratings in the future (Allen, 2009). Finally, from this event, all banks should learn that nothing can be taken for granted. When there is signal of warning that the company might be in financial danger, the bank must take heed. References Allen, C. (2009). Lesson learned: one year after Lehman. Global Investor, 15 ââ¬â 19. Anderson, J. ; Dash, E. (2008, August 28). For Lehman, more cuts and anxiety. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2008/08/29/business/29wall. html? em Evanson, D. (2010, April 12). Lessons from the collapse of Lehman Brothers. TheStar Online. Retrieved from http://biz. thestar. com. my/news/story. asp? ile=/2010/4/12/business/6017192;sec=business Investopedia. (2011). Case study: the collapse of Lehman Brothers. Retrieved May 4, 2011, from http://www. investopedia. com/articles/economics/09/lehman-brothers-collapse. asp Kirk, E. (n. d. ). The ââ¬Å"subprime mortgage crisisâ⬠: An overview of the crisis and potential exposure. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from www. rli-epg. com/articles/Subprime-Mortgage-Crisis. pdf Knutsen, S. (2011). Why did ââ¬Å"itâ⬠happen again? The American subprime crisis compared with the Norwegian banking crisis 1987-92. Past, present and policy: 4th International Conference. Retrieved from www. epr. org/meets/wkcn/1/1730/papers/KnutsenFinal. pdf Krinsman, A. (2007). Subprime mortgage meltdown: How did it happen and how will it end? The Journal of Structured Finance, 13(2), 1 ââ¬â 9. Mamudi, S. (2008, September 15). Lehman folds with record $613 billion debt. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www. marketwatch. com/story/lehman-folds-with-record-613-billion-debt? siteid=rss Mortgage Info. (2007). BNC Mortgage Inc. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://www. mortgage-info. us/lender_bnc_mortgage. htm Onaran, Y. (2007, August 22). Lehman Brothers shuts down subprime unit, fires 1,200. Bloomberg. Retrieved from http://www. bloomberg. com/apps/news? pid=newsarchive;sid=a87FPr78qX9w mp;amp;refer=news Snowdon, C. , Steinberg, D. , ; Lippman, M. (2009). Managing the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers. International Tax Review, (49), 3 ââ¬â 6. Stowell, D. (2010). Investment banking in 2008 (B): A brave new world. An Introduction to Investment Banks, Hedge Funds, and Private Equity, 403 ââ¬â 417. Zingales, L. (2008). Causes and effects of the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy. Retrieved from http://www. scribd. com/doc/11096014/Causes-and-Effects-of-the-Lehman-Brothers-Bankruptcy margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-7204592516261832452019-11-25T13:46:00.001-08:002019-11-25T13:46:02.408-08:00Free Essays on History Of Computer IndustryHistory of the Computer Industry in America America and the Computer Industry Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the U.S. and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has it changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly every aspect of people's lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computer's ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads ar e strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to "programming" rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first "digital calculating machine". It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascal's father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800Ãâ¢s, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed byand stored data oncards with holes punched in them, appropriately called "punch cards". His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack of precision machining techniques used at the time and the ... Free Essays on History Of Computer Industry Free Essays on History Of Computer Industry History of the Computer Industry in America America and the Computer Industry Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the U.S. and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has it changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly every aspect of people's lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computer's ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads ar e strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to "programming" rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first "digital calculating machine". It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascal's father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800Ãâ¢s, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed byand stored data oncards with holes punched in them, appropriately called "punch cards". His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack of precision machining techniques used at the time and the ... margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-58361992294635589052019-11-21T21:10:00.001-08:002019-11-21T21:10:03.583-08:00Development of Multimedia Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsDevelopment of Multimedia Resources - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear thatà the idea of the activity is to promote and polish the English language in children, focusing more on writing. According to the National Curriculum, students should be able to use wide-ranging vocabulary, structure and organize events, demonstrate the use of a coherent structure in writing, bring about variations in the text according to the situation illustrated, convert ideas into textual form. The learning resource will help the student to become better at creating imaginary worlds, understand text and use their background knowledge in relating the text with the older situation. Moreover it would encourage students to comprehend that texts having similar topics present information in various ways or may contain different information. The resources will also promote the concentration ability of the students.As the studyà stresses it needs to be emphasized that these objectives are not represented individually in each activity; rather listeni ng, reading and writing are integrated in the activity.à The Powerpoint presentation is intended for students and hence needs to be colourful in order to appeal to them. The design of the template is Oriel from the themes provided by Powerpoint 2007. The font selected was Comic Sans MS since it has an informal look to it. Pictures are added to give more effect to the learning resource.à The students will be given a list of words and they are required to make funny sentences.à The words can be displayed in attractive colours and in colourful frames. The words are going to include cry, flying, floating, soap, my, goals, load, try, coat, croak, sky, toast, boots, night and dry. Children are encouraged to use rhyming words in the sentences. An example can be given to illustrate the point e.g. ââ¬Å"I've got a cat who sits on a mat and he wears a hatâ⬠(BBC Home 2011). There are 15 words in total. They can be divided into three groups since making 15 sentences can become ted ious for the children. 2. Identifying sentences Students can be given a list of sentences and can be asked if it is a sentence or not. The slide will first explain what a sentence is: ââ¬Å"A sentence is a group of words that makes sense on its own. It must have a verb and it must start with a capital letter and end in a full stop, exclamation mark or question markâ⬠(BBC). The slide will also give an example of what a sentence should be like, highlighting the capital letter, verb and the full stop etc. E.g. He likes to study mathematics. Anne margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-34206312460466701832019-11-20T17:22:00.001-08:002019-11-20T17:22:03.958-08:00Using details and references from the material and answer 2 questions EssayUsing details and references from the material and answer 2 questions - Essay Example Thus people from all over the neighborhood would come together to play music, dance and sing(rap).This means that for them to be able to do the proper break-dance one has to have that feeling that they are coming from one place and that they are ââ¬Å"keeping it real ââ¬Å"For instance when one is performing in a jam(which is a place where people can come to dance and practice, and just mingle with other dancers in the community)there is usually no pressure to perform to anyone or anything as compared to when one is dancing in a competition in a big arena. This really creates a huge difference. Another type of reasoning that really affects how a person dances is when you are speaking about the music as the heart your culture. Thus when the break-dancers hold block parties it is all about a spontaneous response of the body to the music beats, and it is not about what move they did, but how they did it. This is actually the real foundation of the dance. Another important factor is the reasoning about where you come from; breakdance culture was predominantly practiced by lower class, ethnic minorities and the dancers here created it as a way to earn respect in society, since these kids find it hard to earn respect in mainstream society because of their lower habitus (Bourgois 2003).This was and still remains a big influence. 2. Culture can be somehow bought and sold. This becomes very clear in this particular article whereby in the 1970s the break-dance culture became highly globalized and the pioneers of break-dance lost their role as the sole educators and owners of the bboy culture. Since nowadays the dance may be viewed on television and the internet, people from all over the world can nowâ⬠learnâ⬠the habitus from the comfort of their own home. Thus it is possible to pay for the internet and take part in online discussions, view tutorials and margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-73154009599966845382019-11-18T17:04:00.001-08:002019-11-18T17:04:04.110-08:00Creating dynamic characters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsCreating dynamic characters - Essay Example Shawn is a hip hop star. He began his love for hip hop music while still a young boy. He started a career with his high school friend Christopher Latore (Kress 98-108). He is married to Knowles, likes reading and listening to music, and a favorite movie is Godfather 2. Shawns favorite food is Pasta, and he has a soft spot for blue colors. He passes most of his free time playing basketball. George Porter, 34 years old short and bold man, born in Los Angeles California in the United States and married to Nelly Carey. He is a slow speaker, loves cookies and a good football player (Kress 102-112). His only sister Mitchel a paramedic left home when porter was only 12 years. He fell out of college and joined the local artisans to make money for raves and fancies. His life later got behind bars due to rising in cases of insecurity. The sister comes back home when Porter is 25 years gets a job for him in the disaster management. Porter then starts up a family and realizes he needs to stay focused (Kress 123-134). To support his family, he begins shortcake business for his wife and then joins her to expand the business that is currently one of the leading suppliers of shortcake. Porter employââ¬â¢s youths and leads in community sensitization on drugs margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-86171762137598913162019-11-16T05:37:00.001-08:002019-11-16T05:37:11.557-08:00The Marketing Strategy Of Air Arabia Tourism EssayThe Marketing Strategy Of Air Arabia Tourism Essay The company Air Arabia which is chosen in this report is a public company. This report also gives information about how the company works internally and externally. The main hub of the Air Arabia Company is in Sharjah, U.A.E and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco. This report will also give you the financial Information of the company and also about its competitors financial status like its sales, profit, and market share. Air Arabia is worlds First and Largest Low Cost Carrier (LCC) to operate in Middle East and North Africa. It operates in more than 40 countries worldwide and has segmented its target market in Middle East, Indian Subcontinents, South and Central Asia, Africa and Europe. The report also gives complete information about the companys Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats and also about its Product (Services), Price, Place and Promotion. Last but not the least, the report has showed the position of the company in the current market, evidence of the compa nys success and prospects for future growth/success. Air Arabia Introduction Air Arabia is the first largest Low Cost Carrier (LCC) to operate in Middle East and North Africa. Air Arabia started its operation in October 2003 and holds a portfolio of successful business.The Main Hub of Air Arabia is Sharjah Airport, UAE and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco and later on announced its third hub in Egypt. The current CEO of Air Arabia is Adel Ali who was named as Airline CEO of the Year for 3 years. Air Arabia is named as Best Low Cost Carrier at many Airline Awards. Air Arabia is a listed company on the Dubai Financial Market. The current Air Arabia slogan is Air Arabia, Pay Less Fly More. The Market Environment: Air Arabia has spread it wings from its hubs; Sharjah Airport, UAE and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco and Egypt to over 65 destinations spreading across Middle East, Indian Subcontinents, South and Central Asia, Africa and Europe. Air Arabia is in Airline Industry and has maintained a portfolio of successful business till now. The Airline Industry provides with Air transport services to passengers who want to travel to different countries which are covered by Airplanes in much less time. It also provides with air cargo facilities. The Competition The Main Competitors Air Arabia has many competitors such as Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways, and Air India Express but out of all these the main competitor of Air Arabia is Jazeera Airways. Sales and Profit Trend Jazeera Airways faced a Net Loss of 8.2 million in the year 2009. In the year 2010 the company is still operating in loss of 4.4 million in the first quarter and a loss of 4.7 million in the second quarter. Market Share Jazeera Airways head office is in Kuwait. It also had its hub in UAE but because of it facing loss in the previous year it had decided to close down the UAE hub. So now it only controls from Kuwait. Target Market Jazeera Airways is a low cost airline that targets the people with low income. The Company Sales and Profit Trend Air Arabias company profits in the year 2009 were AED 452 million. In the year 2010 the profits of the company in the first quarter were AED 50 million and in the second quarter were also AED 50 million. The company is building up a strong network route which is helping in growing its sales. Market Share The following graph shows Air Arabia Profit generated worldwide. GCC AED 63.28 million Middle East AED 63.28 million North Africa AED 49.72 million Central Asia AED 22.6 million Europe AED 94.92 million Indian Subcontinents AED 158.2 million Business Sector Air Arabia is a public sector company with its share listed on the Dubai Financial Market (DFM: AIRARABIA). SWOT analysis Strengths Air Arabia is the first low cost carrier in the GCC region. Given the huge investment required in setting up an airline, competition will need time to be a significant threat. Sharjah Airport gives significant waivers to Air Arabia in the form of landing and parking fees. Despite a very young history, net profits have been increasing at a CAGR of over 200% since 2005. The company managed to generate its first net profit in 2005 after starting operations in late 2003. Weaknesses Less number of planes Hub location A deterrent for residents of other emirates in UAE other than Dubai. Fuel prices account for roughly 38% of total operating costs for Air Arabia. The price hike in crude oil is expected to continue affecting the airline. Opportunities With a firm order for 34 aircraft and an option for 15 more, Air Arabia is poised for growth. The airline is expected to add more destinations to its portfolio. Competition is still young when compared to Air Arabia which gives the company time to further solidify its positioning as a quality LCC. The UAE and the GCC as a whole is focused on attracting tourists to the region. As the region grows with the rising price of oil, the accessible market for Air Arabia also expands in the long-term. Threats Being the most significant component of operating costs, energy prices can seriously hamper Air Arabias performance. Airlines around the world are struggling because of rising energy costs. Low LCC penetration in the region makes the pie very large however new LCCs are on their way to make the division more diluted in the future. New LCCs include Sama, Nas, RAK Airways and Fly Dubai. Due to limited choice in aircraft suppliers, airlines are sensitive to delivery schedules of aircraft. The delivery of the 34 ordered aircraft is originally meant to commence in 2013. The Companys Marketing Strategy Segmentation Air Arabia has been spread worldwide through three hubs namely Sharjah Airport, Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca and Egypt airport. Air Arabia is in Travel and Tourism industry which is further divided into Travel industry which provides with travel facilities to passengers who want to travel to other countries whereas Tourism industry which help with Hotel reservations. Targeting Air Arabia targets people with low income who would like to travel the world which could not be possible as the air freight is high. But nowadays people with good income have also started traveling in Air Arabia as it helps them to save for better future. Positioning Air Arabia has positioned itself in the market in such a way that has kept it far ahead of its competitors. Air Arabia and Jazeera airways are in competition but still demand for Air Arabia is high as it provides cheap ticket price. Growth Strategy Air Arabia has planned to expand its Sharjah hub by Investing 2.0 billion in new aircrafts which will increase the number of planes to 34 by 2015.this expansion will also increase the frequency of flights on certain routes, i.e. doubling the number of daily flights in most cases. The Marketing Mix Product (Service) Air Arabia offers many services to their customers according to the target segment they belong to. They provide with online booking which reduces the time of a customer to go to any agency and book a flight. Air Arabia also provides with hotel-reservation service and recommends the best options for customers according to their needs and budgets. Price Air Arabia is using a low cost strategy, which is to offer lower price than what other airlines in the market offer. It uses this strategy because it targets people from low to medium-income level who are willing to pay less in order to fly more. Place The main base of Air Arabia is in Sharjah, UAE. It has more three hubs which are in Morocco, Egypt and Jordon. Air Arabia also has an Online Website through which customers can book their flights, check the latest offers and book an accommodation in a hotel during his/her travel. Promotion Air Arabia always advertise in local and international, Arabic and English newspapers and magazines because their target audience are people from all nationalities. It advertises in business, family and social magazines worldwide to reach their target audience who have different interests. Air Arabia has created a website offers many services such as the online booking, which allow customers to select particular seats or service from their home. Furthermore, Air Arabia advertises in many websites from different fields such as the MSN messenger and the Gulf News. Evaluation of the Companys Strategies and Tactics Current Market Situation Air Arabia being the First and largest Low Cost Carrier in the Middle East and North Africa have put themselves ahead of their competitors. The companys services are being demanded by many customers due to whom in 2010 the Net Profit of the company in third quarter increased to AED 136 million. Evidence of Companys Success The Companys profit in the year 2009 was AED 452 million which had been decreased from the previous year. But the companys growth strategy shows that it will be successful in the coming years. Prospects for future growth/success Air Arabia have invested AED 1.7 2.0 billion on new aircrafts to increase the number of planes by 2015. This investment will increase the frequency of the flights on certain routes. Conclusion Air Arabia has been growing in Travel and Tourism industry with a vision to offer better services and to be the best airline on every route it flies by improving a strong network route. Thus, it has many target segments of people with low to medium- income levels that are looking for low air fares. The ambition of Air Arabia is a fleet expansion of 50 aircrafts by 2015 and also establishing more hubs to link the whole Arab world to Africa and Europe margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6063367233153659211.post-4249191998626265582019-11-13T18:08:00.001-08:002019-11-13T18:08:04.897-08:00The Female Spell-caster in Middle English Romances: Heretical Outsider or Political Insider :: Essays PapersThe Female Spell-caster in Middle English Romances: Heretical Outsider or Political Insider Historically, the relationship between heresy and spell-casting is difficult to define.1 For example, H. A. Kelly points out that sorcery and heresy were not formally linked in England.2 They were regarded as separate crimes, although burning (especially after the 1401 Statute passed by Parliament) could be the punishment for both crimes. Certainly, English romances from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries do not explicitly relate sorcery and heresy. Popular attitudes, though, often would link the two in the late Middle Ages, and this coupling could be accompanied by the issue of gender. As Kramer and Sprenger, two Jesuit inquisitors, wrote in 1486: since [women] are feebler both in mind and body, it is not surprising that they should come more under the spell of witchcraft. For as regards intellect, or the understanding of spiritual beings, they seem of a different nature from men ....3 Yet, as Malcolm Lambert explains, heresy stems not just from deviation from orthodox religious belief but also from deliberate actions against ecclesiastical authority and refusal to recant when ordered to do so.4 Exploring the links among sorcery, heresy, and gender in popular literature, such as Middle English metrical romances, can demonstrate how the individual and collective perceptions of these issues changed from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century.5 Thus three questions arise about spell-casting women in Middle English romances: have the heretical implications of these women's actions been ignored? Considering no authority intervenes to inform them that they are defying religious doctrines, can these politically powerful women even be viewed as heretics? And finally, how do the political and religious circumstances of the historical community impact these fictional women and their potentially heretical actions? For the purposes of this paper, discussion will be limited to the female spell-casters found in metrical romances which contain imposed physical transformations and which were composed in England from the fourteenth century to the sixteenth century. Shape-shifting (i.e. voluntarily changing one's own form) and changing into an inanimate object such as a stone or tree are not included. The following romances contain imposed-changed body forms and are listed in general chronological order: TIME PERIODS AND TEXTS (GENDER) SPELL-CASTER I. Early to mid fourteenth century Lybeaus Desconus(M) 2 magicians Cheuelere Assigne(F) hero's grandmother William of Palerne(F) transformee's stepmother The Female Spell-caster in Middle English Romances: Heretical Outsider or Political Insider :: Essays Papers The Female Spell-caster in Middle English Romances: Heretical Outsider or Political Insider Historically, the relationship between heresy and spell-casting is difficult to define.1 For example, H. A. Kelly points out that sorcery and heresy were not formally linked in England.2 They were regarded as separate crimes, although burning (especially after the 1401 Statute passed by Parliament) could be the punishment for both crimes. Certainly, English romances from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries do not explicitly relate sorcery and heresy. Popular attitudes, though, often would link the two in the late Middle Ages, and this coupling could be accompanied by the issue of gender. As Kramer and Sprenger, two Jesuit inquisitors, wrote in 1486: since [women] are feebler both in mind and body, it is not surprising that they should come more under the spell of witchcraft. For as regards intellect, or the understanding of spiritual beings, they seem of a different nature from men ....3 Yet, as Malcolm Lambert explains, heresy stems not just from deviation from orthodox religious belief but also from deliberate actions against ecclesiastical authority and refusal to recant when ordered to do so.4 Exploring the links among sorcery, heresy, and gender in popular literature, such as Middle English metrical romances, can demonstrate how the individual and collective perceptions of these issues changed from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century.5 Thus three questions arise about spell-casting women in Middle English romances: have the heretical implications of these women's actions been ignored? Considering no authority intervenes to inform them that they are defying religious doctrines, can these politically powerful women even be viewed as heretics? And finally, how do the political and religious circumstances of the historical community impact these fictional women and their potentially heretical actions? For the purposes of this paper, discussion will be limited to the female spell-casters found in metrical romances which contain imposed physical transformations and which were composed in England from the fourteenth century to the sixteenth century. Shape-shifting (i.e. voluntarily changing one's own form) and changing into an inanimate object such as a stone or tree are not included. The following romances contain imposed-changed body forms and are listed in general chronological order: TIME PERIODS AND TEXTS (GENDER) SPELL-CASTER I. Early to mid fourteenth century Lybeaus Desconus(M) 2 magicians Cheuelere Assigne(F) hero's grandmother William of Palerne(F) transformee's stepmother The Female Spell-caster in Middle English Romances: Heretical Outsider or Political Insider :: Essays Papers The Female Spell-caster in Middle English Romances: Heretical Outsider or Political Insider Historically, the relationship between heresy and spell-casting is difficult to define.1 For example, H. A. Kelly points out that sorcery and heresy were not formally linked in England.2 They were regarded as separate crimes, although burning (especially after the 1401 Statute passed by Parliament) could be the punishment for both crimes. Certainly, English romances from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries do not explicitly relate sorcery and heresy. Popular attitudes, though, often would link the two in the late Middle Ages, and this coupling could be accompanied by the issue of gender. As Kramer and Sprenger, two Jesuit inquisitors, wrote in 1486: since [women] are feebler both in mind and body, it is not surprising that they should come more under the spell of witchcraft. For as regards intellect, or the understanding of spiritual beings, they seem of a different nature from men ....3 Yet, as Malcolm Lambert explains, heresy stems not just from deviation from orthodox religious belief but also from deliberate actions against ecclesiastical authority and refusal to recant when ordered to do so.4 Exploring the links among sorcery, heresy, and gender in popular literature, such as Middle English metrical romances, can demonstrate how the individual and collective perceptions of these issues changed from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century.5 Thus three questions arise about spell-casting women in Middle English romances: have the heretical implications of these women's actions been ignored? Considering no authority intervenes to inform them that they are defying religious doctrines, can these politically powerful women even be viewed as heretics? And finally, how do the political and religious circumstances of the historical community impact these fictional women and their potentially heretical actions? For the purposes of this paper, discussion will be limited to the female spell-casters found in metrical romances which contain imposed physical transformations and which were composed in England from the fourteenth century to the sixteenth century. Shape-shifting (i.e. voluntarily changing one's own form) and changing into an inanimate object such as a stone or tree are not included. The following romances contain imposed-changed body forms and are listed in general chronological order: TIME PERIODS AND TEXTS (GENDER) SPELL-CASTER I. Early to mid fourteenth century Lybeaus Desconus(M) 2 magicians Cheuelere Assigne(F) hero's grandmother William of Palerne(F) transformee's stepmother margaretrey29http://www.blogger.com/profile/14185509834928764782noreply@blogger.com0